VSEPR
Shape for 2 electron domains
Linear
Linear molecules use this hybridization
sp
BO formula
½[(bonding e⁻) − (antibonding e⁻)]
This element is almost never the central atom in a Lewis structure.
Hydrogen
What is formal charge?
The best Lewis structure to minimize formal charges (most stable).
Shape for 5 electron domains
Triganol bipyramidal
How many sigma and pi bonds are in O2?
1 sigma, 1 pi
All single bonds are ___ bonds.
Sigma
This atom is almost always the central atom.
Least electronegative atom
In NO₃⁻, the sum of all formal charges equals this value.
-1
Determine the molecular geometry of ClF₃.
T-shape
How many sigma and pi bonds are in CO2?
2 sigma, 2 pi
A double bond has ___ pi bonds.
Tetrahedral molecules have this bond angle.
In NH₄⁺, the sum of all formal charges equals this value.
+1
What is the electron geometry, molecular geometry, and hybridization for H2O?
How many sigma and pi bonds are in C2H4?
5 sigma, 1 pi
The number of sigma bonds in C2H2.
3
This is an atom that can violate the octet rule. Name at least 2 examples.
P, S, Cl, etc.
Which is more stable: a resonance structure with formal charges of +1 and –1 or one with all formal charges equal to zero?
All zero
What is the electron geometry, molecular geometry, and hybridization for NH3?
What is the shape, hybridization, and angle for BF3?
Domains = 3
Shape = Trigonal planar
Hybridization = sp²
Angle = 120°
For He2, determine the bond order, paramagnetic/diamagnetic, and if stable or unstable!
BO = 0
Unstable
Diamagnetic
Boron is commonly stable with this many valence electrons.
6
What is the formal charge on the central nitrogen in NO₃⁻?
+1