Atoms
Atoms
Atoms
Atoms
Atoms
100
What are the 3 common states of matter? What is the uncommon one?
1. Solid - has a definite fixed shape/volume - think of a brick 2. Liquid - has volume (ie, a cup), takes the shape of the container it's in (a bottle of pop) 3. Gas - no fixed shape or volume - think of helium; only the balloon gives it shape 4. Plasma - most abundant, makes up sun and stars
100
True or false: Elements are substances which CANNOT be broken down into simpler parts. They contain only ONE type of atom.
What is TRUE
100
What is matter?
Anyting that has mass and takes up space. 3 common states of matters are: 1. solid 2. liquid 3. gas
100
Atomic mass = Protons + Neutrons. Why doesn't the atomic mass include the mass of electrons?
Because electrons are so light, they don't amount to much.
100
The Periodic Table gives the atomic mass and atomic number of an element. All elements in the Periodic table are electrically neutral. What does this mean?
It means the number of electrons (negative charge) = the number of protons (positive charge). Elements in the periodic table ALWAYS have the same number of protons and electrons.
200
What is the mass of a: Proton? Neutron? Electron?
1 and 1 and almost nothing.
200
The atomic number is the top/first number you see in the Periodic Table of Elements. The atomic number is the number of _____ in the nucleus.
What are PROTONS. In the periodic table, the # of PROTONS = the # of ELECTRONS always because the elements are electrically neutral. The number of Neutrons can be the same or different. The # of Neutrons plus the # of Protons = the atomic MASS (bottom number on the Periodic Table)
200
TRUE or FALSE: If you change the number of protons of an element/atom, a different element is formed.
The answer to this is YES/TRUE. But lots of other things change, too, if it's going to remain an element (electrons, neutrons).
200
What is an atom composed of?
Neutrons + Protons in a central nucleus with electrons orbiting around them
200
What is an Isotope?
It is an element that gains or loses neutrons. This does not change the charge since neutrons are neutral, but it does change the atomic mass.
300
TRUE or FALSE: In the Periodic Table, the atomic number tells the number of protons and the number of neutrons.
FALSE. The atomic number tells the number of protons and the number of ELECTRONS. To find the number of neutrons, you have to look at the atomic mass and subtract the number of protons.
300
Neutrons have a ______ charge. Pick the right answer. a. Postive b. Negative c. Neutral
What is c. Neutral
300
The mass of an atom (the "atomic mass") is the mass of its nucleus. What is in the nucleus of an atom? What then is the mass of the atom?
The nucleus of the atom contains the protons and the neutrons. The atomic mass = P + N (# of protons + # of neutrons).
300
To find the mass of an atom (the atomic mass), add the ____ and the _____.
What are Protons and Neutrons. Electrons don't add to the mass and aren't included.
300
Protons have a _____ charge. Pick the right answer. a. Positive b. Negative c. Neutral
What is positive.
400
How many naturally occurring elements are there? What does it mean to be "naturally occurring" - ?
There are 90 naturally occurring elements. Naturally occurring means they have been made by the fusion process in a star.
400
Electrons have a charge of ______ and a mass of _______.
A charge of -1 and a mass of almost nothing.
400
Electrons are located in discrete shells called _________.
What are orbitals?
400
25 elements are found in living things, but only 4 of them account for 96% of living tissue. What are they?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
400
Where is 99.9% of an atom's mass centered?
In the nucleus.
500
Who loves ya?
Yo mama!
500
Each proton has a mass of __. Each neutron has a mass of __. Each electron ha a mass of __.
1, 1, almost zero.
500
What is an Ion?
It is an element that has gained or lost electrons and so it is no longer neutral, but takes on a positive or negative charge. If it loses electrons, it becomes positively charged (since electrons are negative). If it gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged.
500
The first orbital away from the nucleus can hold 2 electrons. How many can the next two orbitals (going further out) hold?
8 in the second orbital. 8 or 18 in the 3rd orbital.
500
TRUE or FALSE: Many ions are radioactive.
False: They don't call them radioactive ISOTOPES for nothing!
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