Variables
What is an independent variable?
What is an independent variable?
Something the researcher changes or manipulates
Something the researcher measures
Where is DNA stored?
Nucleus
What is heterozygous?
What is homozygous?
Heterozygous- Aa
Homozygous dominant- AA
Homozygous recessive- aa
What does the p53 gene do?
Regulate the cell cycle and check for mistakes
What is the definition of natural selection?
Organisms with traits that are more suited for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
What is a control variable?
Something that stays the same
What are the correct base pairings in DNA? What about RNA?
A pairs with T
C pairs with G
In a strand of RNA, A pairs with U (C still pairs with G)
How many cells are made from mitosis? How many cells are made from meiosis?
How many cell divisions happen in mitosis? How many cells are made from meiosis?
Mitosis- 2
Meiosis-2
Divisions mitosis - 1
Divisions meiosis- 2
Damaged cells are allowed to reproduce
How are Darwin's finches an example of natural selection?
Finches that are more suitable for the island they are on are more likely to survive and reproduce
If a researcher were testing how different drugs shrink cancer tumors, what would be the independent variable?
The different drugs
What happens if a nucleotide is deleted from a sequence of DNA?
It scrambles the entire recipe because the cell misreads all the remaining code and builds a broken protein.
What genotype would a carrier have?
Pp (one recessive allele)
How does cancer develop
Cells reproduce with mutations, divide, and cause abnormal cell growth.
How is the peppered moths an example of natural selection?
If a researcher were testing how different drugs shrink cancer tumors, what would be the dependent variable?
The size of the tumor
Why are a liver and a brain cell different?
The liver cell uses only certain genes to make proteins, while the brain cell regulates and uses a different set of genes.
How much DNA does the cells formed through mitosis have compared to a normal body cell?
Same
How does cancer risk increase as you age?
There are more cell divisions over a longer period of time, increasing the risk of mutations.
the different phenotypes of the peppered moths that are found in London. The dark color (D) is dominant to the recessive light color (d) in the moths. If you were to take a sample of moths in 1900 as shown in Graph 1, what genotype(s) would you find in most of the moths?
Homozygous dominant (DD) and heterozygous (Dd)
If a researcher were testing how different drugs shrink cancer tumors, and the age and the stage of cancer was kept the same, what would be the control variable?
The age and stage of cancer
What is the relationship between DNA, genes, and proteins?
DNA molecules contain genes, which provide the instructions to build specific proteins.
If 100% of the offspring were Pp, what genotype would the parents have?
PP x pp
How does UV radiation increase mutations?
Damages DNA
When there are sudden environmental changes, species are put at risk for extinction. What factor allowed the peppered moth species to survive during the Industrial Revolution while other species went extinct?
Genetic variation