1,000 Ways to Get Infected
This stage of infection begins at pathogen entry and ends when symptoms first appear.
Incubation Period
A person who can transmit a disease, with or without symptoms, is called this.
Carrier
Penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems all share this core structural feature.
β-lactam ring
An infection transmitted between animals and humans is called this.
Zoonosis
This process describes how normal microbiota prevent invading pathogens from establishing.
Antagonism
The natural environment where a pathogen normally lives and multiplies is called this.
Reservoir
Sulfa drugs inhibit the synthesis of this essential bacterial compound.
Folate
The minimum number of microbes required to establish infection is called this.
Infectious Dose (ID)
This type of vector passively carries pathogens without being infected itself.
Mechanical Vector
An organism that transmits a pathogen from one host to another is called this.
Vector
Rifampin inhibits this enzyme responsible for bacterial RNA synthesis.
RNA Polymerase
Microorganisms that cause disease in otherwise healthy individuals are called this.
True Pathogens
This type of infection remains localized, while toxins spread through the bloodstream to distant sites.
Focal Infection
Transmission of a pathogen from mother to offspring is known as this.
Vertical
Sulfonamides inhibit DHPS by competing at this region of the enzyme.
Active-site
Endogenous infections originate from this source within the patient.
Normal biota/flora
This term refers to specific traits like toxins or capsules that increase disease severity.
Virulence
A recovering patient who continues to spread a pathogen is called this type of carrier.
Convalescent Carrier
Ciprofloxacin belongs to this class of antibiotics.
Quinolones
A disease consistently present at a stable level in a population is described as this.
Endemic