Clotting
Cellular Regulation
Intracranial Regulation
Gas Exchange
Cardiac
100
What is the most serious/life threatening complication of receiving Thrombolytic Therapy
Hemorrhagic CVA
100
Name 2 solid tumors that occur in childhood
Nephroblastoma, Neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, retinoblastoma
100
What is the priority intervention when a patient begins to seize?
Safety measures - prevent injury - lower to floor
100
What are the best two ways to verify ET tube placement?
CXR and ETCO2
100
Come to the board and draw NSR and explain to the class why this is NSR. What node controls the rate?
p wave, QRS, and t wave are all in the right order at the right time. SA node.
200
How does liver disease influence the hematologic system? And name a few assessment findings consistent with liver disease.
The liver produces clotting factors and vitamin K. Liver disease (hepatitis, Cirrhosis, organ failure) can alter this process and result in increased bleeding times. Jaundice, Acities, Elevated LFTs, Elevated ammonia level (confusion)
200
Name 4 oncologic emergiencies
Sepsis, DIC, SIADH, Spinal cord compression, Hypercalcemia, SVC syndrome, Tumor lysis syndrome
200
What is the normal value for Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
0-15mmHg
200
What does PEEP stand for and how does it work?
Positive End Expiratory Pressure, pressure that keeps the alveoli inflated during the expiratory phase of ventilation in an effort to pus more oxygen across the alveolar membrane http://youtu.be/JoeXv02eSrA
200
Come to the board and draw a.fib, explain why it is a.fib, what the patient is at risk for, and what the treatment options are
Irregularly Irregular, p wave abnormality, anticoagulants, cardizem or amiodarone
300
What is the antidote for Heparin and Warfarin?
Heparin - Protamine sulfate Warfarin - Vitamin K
300
Describe how bleeding and anemia are commonly associated with cancer patients
Maliganant tumors are programmed to spread, invade, and destroy. While it grows it develops blood supply for nourishment, this supply is fragile and breaks easily…causing bleeding and anemia. *****Blood transfusion reactions*****
300
Name 2 s/s of Early IICP in adults and infants?
Adults – H/A, altered LOC Infants – Irritability, lethargic, poor feeding, bulging fontanels
300
Describe the difference between AC and SIMV?
AC – Provides full tidal volume at a minimum preset rate, patient can initiate breaths but the vent will take over and fill with preset tidal volume SIMV – delivers a minimum number of fully assisted breaths per minute that are synchronized with the patients respiratory effort. Any breaths taken between volume-cycled breaths are not assisted. The Tidal volume of theses breaths are dependent on the patient alone.
300
Come to the board and draw v.tach and v.fib, explain the difference between them, what you would do 1st, and what the treatment options are
Assess 1st, antidysrrhythmics, cardiovert or defib
400
Describe the s/s for venous thrombus vs arterial thrombus, and the different intervention techniques for both
Venous – impairs blood return…pain, edema, redness, warmth Intervention – elevate extremities Arterial – Results in ischemia…severe pain, paresthesia, cold Intervention – dependent position
400
What is the most serious/life threatening risk after a bone marrow transplant?
Infection
400
What medications require monthly serum lab levels?
Anticonvulsants dilantin, depakote
400
Name the following Blood Gas Results Ph 7.12, PCO2 88, PaO2 52, HCO3 26 PH 6.9, PaCO2 102, PaO2 74, HCO3 16 PH 7.22, PaCo2 38, PaO2 82, HCO3 17
Resp Acidosis Mixed Acidosis Metabolic Acidosis
400
Come to the board and draw a 1st degree, 2nd degree, and 3rd degree heart blocks, explain why they are different from each other, what the patient is at risk for, and what the treatment options are
symptomatic bradycardia = atropine and possible pacing
500
What are the normal values for PT, PTT, INR, and PLT
PT 11-12.5, PTT 60-70 or 30-40 if aPTT, INR 0.7-1.8, PLT 150,000 – 400,000 How does this change if patient is on anticoagulation therapy? What is considered significantly low for platelets?
500
Describe the following treatment options in cancer therapy Hormonal Therapy and Monoclonal Antibodies
Hormone sensitive tumors can slow cancer growth rate by binding to receptors Monoclonal antibodies – researchers design antibodies that specifically target a certain antigen. “cloned” antibodies
500
Name the 3 finding in Cushings Triad
Bradycardia, SHTN (Widened Pulse Pressure), Irregular Slow Respirations
500
What kind of Acid Base Imbalance can you expect for the following COPD DKA Overdose PE COPD – Respiratory Acidosis DKA – Metabolic Acidosis, PCO2 will be low from Kussmauls Overdose – Mixed, respiratory acidosis then metabolic acidosis PE – Mixed, repiratory acidosis then metabolic acidosis
COPD – Respiratory Acidosis DKA – Metabolic Acidosis, PCO2 will be low from Kussmauls Overdose – Mixed, respiratory acidosis then metabolic acidosis PE – Mixed, repiratory acidosis then metabolic acidosis
500
What kind of complications are associated with a right sided MI vs left sided MI. What is the difference in treatment options?
Right sided - hypotension and bradycardia Fluid, pacing Left sided - Hypertension and dysrhythmias MONA, possibe defib Heart Failure/Valvular assessment
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