Metabolism
Which major energy substrate does your body turn to first when performing a short burst of high-intensity activity?
Carbohydrates
Which type of muscle fibers are fatigue-resistant?
Type I
Which major substrate has the most kcal/gram?
Fats
Why isn't BMI always a great tool - especially for an athletic population?
Does not take body composition into account
Any substance, training method, or phenomenon that may increase physical performance is called a(n)
Ergogenic Aid
Oxidative ATP production occurs in what part of the cell?
Mitochondria
What is the most important muscle of inspiration and expiration?
The diaphragm
The brain has a high preference for which substrate?
Carbohydrates
When performing cardio with the goal of losing fat-mass, at what intensity should you be training?
Low to moderate intensity
What is the general recommendation for aerobic training (include frequency, intensity, and duration)
Moderate intensity; 30 minutes; 5 days/week
Which yields more ATP during glycolysis - ATP derived from glucose or ATP derived from glycogen?
Glycogen
What are the body's two major communication systems?
The nervous system and the endocrine system
What type of diet is recommended for athletes?
High-carbohydrate
Altitude will have a positive effect on what type of activity and a negative effect on what type of activity?
Positive effect: sprint, anaerobic
Negative effect: endurance
The goal of this ergogenic aid is to increase strength or power relative to body mass
Diuretics
When ATP is broken down, what is produced that results in increasing intramuscular acidity?
Hydrogen
This part of the brain controls fine and discreet muscle movements and is located in the frontal lobe. The decision a baseball player makes to swing his or her bat is made here.
Primary motor cortex
Carb-loading does not result in the ability for an athlete to increase their maximal race pace. What does it do?
Allows the athlete to maintain their maximal race pace for a longer period of time
Altitude training results in an increase of what two beneficial things in the blood?
Increased levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit
Diabetes mellitus increases your risk of what three CVDs?
CAD, Heart attack, stroke
The goal of the Krebs cycle is to complete the oxidation of what?
Acetyl-CoA
The left side of the heart receives blood from what circulation and pumps blood to what circulation?
Receives blood from pulmonary circulation; pumps blood to peripheral circulation
Name the 4 fat-soluble vitamins and the 2 major categories of water-soluble vitamins
Fat-soluble: A, D, E, K
Water-soluble: B, C
What are the four mechanisms of heat loss?
Conduction, convection, radiation, evaporation
Name the three major factors contributing to low back pain (low back pain triad)
Tight hamstrings, tight hip flexors, weak lower abs