TUOS
Group Dynamics
Group Design and Grading
Cole's 7 Steps
Practice, Ethics, and Reflection
100

This is the planned use of the therapist’s personality, insight, and judgment to support the therapeutic process.

What is therapeutic use of self?

100

During this Tuckman stage, members are typically polite, cautious, and dependent on the leader for direction.

What is forming?

100

This process identifies participant needs, available resources, community assets, and barriers before a group is developed.

What is a needs assessment?

100

In this step, the leader establishes the purpose of the group, explains expectations, and prepares members for participation. The leader is demonstrating this step from Cole's seven steps.

What is the introduction?

100

“The client completed four of five steps with two verbal cues” belongs in this section of a SOAP note.

What is the Objective section?

200

An OT asks a client to help select the goals and determine which intervention to try first.

What is the collaborating mode?

200

A member says, “I thought I was the only person struggling with this,” and experiences relief after hearing similar stories.This factor of Yalom's is being demonstrated.

What is universality?

200

Unlike a single-session plan, this document provides the overall framework for an entire series of group sessions.

What is a group protocol?

200

Following an activity, the leader asks each member, “What was the experience like for you?” The leader is demonstrating this step from Cole's seven steps.

What is sharing?

200

“The client’s difficulty organizing materials indicates that impaired executive functioning continues to limit task completion” belongs in this SOAP section.

What is the Assessment section?

300

After a client becomes tearful about losing independence, the OT acknowledges the client’s frustration before continuing the session.

What is the empathizing mode?

300

One member notices that two quieter participants have not spoken and invites them into the discussion.

What is the gatekeeper role?

300

A stress-management group allows new members to enter at different times because each session can stand independently. This type of group is called...

What is an open group?

300

The leader asks, “What communication patterns did you notice among group members during the activity?" The leader is demonstrating this step from Cole's seven steps.

What is processing?

300

Following a therapeutic group, the OT should complete this type of documentation to capture each participant’s clinically relevant behavior and response.

What is an individual SOAP note for each participant?

400

A client cannot participate because transportation services repeatedly deny access. The OT contacts the agency to address the barrier.

What is the advocating mode?

400

Members challenge the leader, disagree about responsibilities, and compete for influence within the group.

What is storming?

400

During a meal-preparation group, the OT gives one participant a visual checklist while asking another to complete the task without cues. The therapist is doing this...

What is grading the activity?

400

Members identify how lessons about cooperation from the activity may apply across school, work, and family situations. The group is demonstrating this step from Cole's seven steps.

What is generalizing?

400

Before initiating a virtual group, the OT confirms informed consent, participant privacy, technology access, and use of a secure platform.

What are ethical and HIPAA-compliant telehealth practices?

500

During an interpersonal conflict, the OT notices an urge to become controlling, pauses, and selects a therapeutic mode based on what the client needs. These two IRM abilities are being demonstrated.

What are intentionality and interpersonal reasoning?

500

After receiving feedback, a member recognizes that their tendency to withdraw during conflict occurs in several relationships outside the group.

What is self-understanding?

500

A team connects identified caregiver needs to educational sessions and then to expected improvements in caregiver wellness.

What is a logic model?

500

After members identify a general principle about managing frustration, the leader asks each person to name a specific situation in which they will use it this week. The group is demonstrating this step from Cole's seven steps.

What is application?

500

After a challenging group, the OT describes what happened, examines why it mattered, and identifies what to change next time.

What is Borton’s “What? So What? Now What?” reflective model?

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