Ch.1 Studying Life
Cells
What are the three components of an atom?
Electrons, Protons, Neutrons
Each amino acid has unique ____ group
R
What are the four bases found in RNA
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
T or F Transcription occurs in the nucleus
True
Life has been on Earth for about how many years?
4 billion (4.6 billion to be exact)
The atomic number of an atom represents its what?
Number of protons
What structure is a linear sequence of amino acids? And what bonds are found here?
Primary structure, peptide bonds
DNA carries genetic information in its
Helical Form
Tertiary Sequence
Sequence of Bases
Phosphate Groups
Sequence of Bases
Name three cellular activities that occur in the nucleus
True or False. All cells have a nucleus
False, prokaryotes do not have a nucleus
List the four types of chemical bonds from weakest to strongest
Van der Waals forces, Hydrogen, Ionic, Covalent
Starch and cellulose are both polymers of what?
Glucose
A nucleotide contains a pentose sugar, a phosphate group and a(n)?
Nitrogen-containing base
Most biological cells are ___ in size
1-100 micrometers
Name the three major groupings of life
Eukarya, Archaea, Bacteria
What is the difference between a cation and an anion?
Cations are positively charged and anions are negative
Triglycerides are made up of what components?
Glycerol + 3 fatty acids
The complete set of DNA found in a living organism is known as what?
Genome
List the three major components of the cytoskeleton
Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
Summarize the characteristics of living organisms into four main points
1. Consist of one or more cells
2. Contain similar genetic info
3. Pass on genetic info during reproduction
4. Undergo metabolism
Which has the greatest concentration of hydrogen ions?
Household ammonia at pH 11
Baking soda at pH 9
Black coffee at pH 5
Cola at pH 3
Cola at pH 3
When an organism is exposed to moderate heat, _____ can help return its enzymes to their proper functions
Protein chaperones
Which two famous experiments failed to support the concept of spontaneous generation?
Redi and Pasteur
What are the three components of plant cell walls?
Cellulose, polysacharides, proteins