Ships Arriving
What was the name of the group of ships that first brought British settlers to Australia?
The First Fleet
Who were the first Europeans to establish a permanent settlement in Australia?
The British
What was one problem the first colonists faced when they arrived?
Food Shortages
Who lived in Australia before the British arrived?
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People
What year did the ships first arrive?
1788
Where did the First Fleet first establish a settlement?
Sydney Cove (Port Jackson).
Why was it difficult to grow enough food?
The settlers were unfamiliar with Australia's climate and soils.
What happened to much of the land Aboriginal peoples had traditionally cared for after colonisation?
It was taken over for farms, towns and settlements.
How many ships were there?
11
What does the term First Contact mean?
The first meetings between Aboriginal people and Europeans.
Why did many convicts have a difficult life in the colony?
They worked long hours under strict rules and harsh conditions.
Besides losing land, what was another major impact of colonisation on Aboriginal peoples?
Many Aboriginal people became sick from introduced diseases.
Who was the commander of the ships?
Captain Arthur Phillip.
Why were some early interactions between Aboriginal peoples and Europeans difficult?
They had different languages, cultures and beliefs, leading to misunderstandings and conflict.
Name one way the colonists overcome some of their early challenges?
They improved farming, built homes and roads, and received more supplies from Britain.
Name the main disease, brought by settlers, that the Aboriginal people suffered from.
Smallpox
Why did Britain send the ships to Australia?
To establish a penal colony because Britain's prisons were overcrowded.
Why do historians describe the arrival of Europeans as First Contact rather than the discovery of Australia?
Because Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples had already lived in Australia for more than 65,000 years before Europeans arrived.
Why was establishing the colony more difficult than Britain expected? Give two reasons
The settlers faced unfamiliar conditions, limited supplies and challenges adapting to the Australian environment.
Besides disease, how did colonisation affect Aboriginal cultures and ways of life? Give 3 answers
1. Loss of land - forced from Country
2. Violence and conflict - frontier wars
3. Loss of culture, traditions, ceremonies, dreamtime