Fluid/Electrolyte Imbalances
What could be a cause of hypovolemia?
dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea, draining GI fistula, gastric suctioning, hemorrhage, burn, lack of aldosterone, diuretics, obstruction, ascites
(Giddens, p.59)
What is the cause of Pre-renal AKIs?
Lack of perfusion to the kidneys
(AKI/CKD slides)
Which burn zone (coagulation, middle, or hyperemic) is treatment targeted at improving?
Middle (this zone has injured cells but they aren't dead yet)
(Burn slides and notes)
What are s/s of gastroenteritis?
vomiting, diarrhea, ab cramps, anorexia, thirst, fever, malaise, weight loss
(Gastroenteritis slides)
What is the general cause of a hypo- electrolyte imbalance?
intake/absorption is too low OR increased output
(fluid and electrolyte slides)
What happens to the GFR as CKD worsens?
GFR will decrease
(stage 1= over 90, stage 5= less than 15)
(AKI/CKD slides)
Using the rule of nine's, what is the TBSA% of one anterior leg?
9%
(Burn slides)
What are the abnormal s/s of mild dehydration?
Cap refill over 2 seconds, slight thirst
(Gastroenteritis slides)
What are the S/S of hypomagnesemia?
(Increased excitability) positive Chvostek and Trousseau signs, insomnia, hyperactive reflexes, cramps, twitches, nystagmus, tetany, seizure, dysrhythmia
(Giddens p. 63)
What are the complications of hemodialysis?
hypotension, cramps, dialysis disequilibrium syndrome, dialyzer reaction, hemolysis, air emboli
(AKI/CKD slides)
What is the requirement for a burn to be classified as moderate?
2-10% TBSA full thickness burn OR 15-25% TBSA partial thickness burn
(Burn notes)
What is isotonic dehydration?
The body is loosing equal parts sodium and water
(Gastroenteritis notes)