Movement of body fluids
when molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration to equalize the amount throughout the area
What is diffusion?
The average adult needs this much water intake every day
What is 1500-2000 mL?
abundant cation, maintains water balance, stimulates conduction of electrical impulses, assists in muscle contraction
What is sodium?
Symptoms include thirst, weakness, light-headedness, fainting and decreases in urine output or dark-colored urine.
What is dehydration?
bacon, cheese, processed foods
What is sodium?
What is osmosis?
Maintaining homeostasis requires that the amount of water out must equal this.
What is water in?
predominant intracellular electrolyte, helps regulate fluid balance, in ECF is important for neuromuscular functions, especially cardiac contractility and rhythm
What is potassium?
Results from both fluid and electrolyte loss, most common cause is hemorrhage
What is hypovolemia?
Bananas, sweet potato, spinach
What is potassium?
when solids are separated from liquids or gases by a barrier that only the liquids and very fine solutes can pass through
What is filtration?
This includes respiration and perspiration because it cannot be measured.
What is insensible fluid loss?
99% in bone, 1% is in ECF. Stimulates conduction of electrical impulses via nerves, which controls muscle contraction and relaxation including heart muscle
What is calcium?
Replace fluids, monitor vital signs for low BP, elevated HR, assess mucous membranes, skin turgor, and thirst, monitor daily weights and intake and output
What are nursing actions for FVD?
Green vegetables, shellfish, salmon,
What is calcium?
An example of this is gas exchange in the lungs during inhalation and exhalation.
What is diffusion?
Regulates fluids by telling kidneys to reabsorb more sodium and excrete more potassium, increasing the amount of water in blood and raising blood pressure.
What is aldosterone?
Assists neuromuscular function, dilation of arteries and arterioles, enzyme function, carbohydrate and protein metabolism
What is magnesium?
Causes include increased intake of dietary sodium or IV fluids containing sodium, retention of sodium or fluid related to medication, heart, kidney or liver disease
What is fluid volume excess?
Whole grains, almonds, soy beans
What is magnesium?
An example of this is what the liver does to remove dissolved substances such a medications and alcohol from the blood.
What is filtration?
Regulated by the hypothalamus and secreted by the pituitary, it causes water to be reabsorbed by the kidneys and urine output decreases.
What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Vital for all tissues, muscle and red blood cell functions, metabolism of fat, protein and carbohydrates, manufacturing ATP energy source
What is phosphorus?
Administer diuretics, assess daily weight and intake and output, monitor vital signs for elevated blood pressure, bounding pulses, decreased oxygen saturation, assess for crackles and edema
What are nursing actions for fluid volume excess?
Egg yolks, legumes, soft drinks
What is phosphorus?