Digestive System
Identify the organ where most nutrient absorption occurs.
Small Intestine
What organ filters the blood?
Kidney
Which tissue transports water and minerals?
Xylem
Food is moved through the digestive tract by what process?
Peristalsis
True or False: Xylem transports sugar.
False
What enzyme in the mouth begins carbohydrate digestion?
Salivary Amylase
Name the waste product removed by the kidneys.
Urine
Which tissue transports sugar throughout the plant?
Phloem
Which organ stores bile?
Gallbladder
Which organ system removes undigested food from the body?
Digestive System
Why is the small intestine covered with villi?
To increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.
Arrange these in order: Ureter, Kidney, Urethra, Bladder.
Kidney → Ureter → Bladder → Urethra
Give one difference between xylem and phloem.
Xylem - Water
Phloem - Food
Which organ belongs to the excretory system but is NOT part of the urinary system?
Skin (acceptable answers: lungs or liver)
Explain why plants need both xylem and phloem to survive.
Xylem brings water and minerals, while phloem distributes sugars made during photosynthesis. Both are essential for plant survival.
A person cannot digest fats properly because bile is not reaching the small intestine. Which organ is most likely affected?
Gall Bladder
What would happen if the kidneys stopped filtering blood?
Waste products would build up in the blood, making the person very sick.
The process where plants absorb water through their roots, transport it through their stems, and release it as water vapor into the atmosphere, primarily through tiny pores in their leaves called stomata
Transpiration
Compare digestion and excretion. How are they different?
Digestion breaks food into nutrients, while excretion removes metabolic wastes from the body.
A plant receives enough sunlight but still wilts. Which transport tissue is most likely damaged? Explain.
Xylem, because it transports water from the roots to the leaves.
A patient has most of the small intestine removed. Predict how this affects nutrition.
Poor nutrient absorption leading to malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies.
Nephrons
Explain why phloem transport can move both upward and downward while xylem mainly moves upward.
Phloem transports food from sources to sinks in different directions depending on the plant's needs, while xylem mainly carries water upward from the roots.
A student says, "The stomach absorbs most nutrients." Is the statement correct? Explain.
No. Most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine, while the stomach mainly digests food mechanically and chemically.
Solve the case: A plant has green leaves but its roots cannot absorb water. Predict what will happen after several days and explain using xylem, phloem, digestion (food production), and transport.
Without water absorption, the xylem cannot transport water to the leaves. Photosynthesis decreases, so less sugar is produced. The phloem then has little food to distribute, causing the plant to wilt and eventually die.