Shoulder Complex
What arthrokinematic motions occur in the glenohumeral joint during shoulder internal rotation?
Anterior roll, posterior glide
Describe the function of the interosseous membrane.
What is stability and transmission of forces from radius to ulna?
What is the close packed position of the wrist
full extension
Shoulder flexion occurs in ___ plane
Supination occurs in the ___ plane
what is sagittal and transverse plane
Describe the convex/concave rule.
When a convex joint surface is moving, the roll and glide occur in the opposite direction. When a concave joint surface is moving, the roll and the glide occur in the same direction.
Describe the Scapulohumeral Rhythm in the Shoulder Complex.
There is a 2:1 ratio with arm elevation. The Glenohumeral joint contributes 120 degrees and the scapulothoracic joint contributes 60 degrees.
Bonus* if you can describe setting phase and clavicular motion during scapular motion
What ligaments and structures are stressed with a varus force?
Lateral collateral ligaments... radial and ulnar. don't forget bone too!
There are muscles whose function is exclusively radial or ulnar deviation of the wrist
Muscles on the flexor and extensor forearm work in synergy to accomplish radial or ulnar deviation
Movement caused by gravity when gravity is EXACTLY perpendicular to the leg.
What is rotation (torque)?
What occurs during an isokinetic eccentric movement?
Muscle length changes (elongates) but under constant speed
Movement at clavicle, scapula, and humerus during shoulder abduction.
What is 30 degrees of clavicular elevation, posterior rotation of clavicle, UR of scapula, and ER rotation of humerus?
open packed positions in the elbow
what is full extension and supination in the humeroradial joint? what is 70 deg flexion and 10 deg supination in the humeroulnar joint?
True or False
The extensor digitorum cannot extend the DID and PIP joints
True
it only extends the MCP joints
Bonus: how do the DIP and PIP joints get extended
True or False:
Torque decreases the farther away you move from a lever arm.
False:
Distance will increase
Force will decrease
Torque will remain the same
Describe 1 position for active insufficiency of tricep.
What is elbow flexion and shoulder flexion (lengthened) or elbow extension and shoulder extension (shortened)?
Consider the actions of the rotator cuff muscles needed to abduct the arm. What would motion look like if the rotator cuff were torn?
30° abduction
The best ways to isolate muscle activation of the: 1. Biceps Brachii 2. Brachioradialis and 3. Brachialis
1. Elbow Flexion + Forearm Supination (+ Shoulder Flexion)
2. Elbow Flexion w/ Forearm Neutral
3. Elbow Flexion w/ Forearm Pronated
Extension of the PIP joints is always accompanied by this other motion
What is DIP extension?
Fill in the blank
When transferring a patient from a wheelchair to a mat the therapist should position his or her body _____ to the patient's body to _____ the amount of force required by the therapist for the transfer.
What is closer/near and decrease/lessen/reduce.
Looking at the biceps alone during a chin up, what type of contraction occurs as he is going up? as he pauses at the top? and as he is slowly going down?
What is concentric, then isometric, then eccentric?
These ligaments will be affected if there is an anterior shoulder dislocation
What is the anterior band of the inferior GH ligament, middle GH ligament, and the Superior GH ligament?
Mostly the inferior GH lig as most shoulder dislocations occur in abd and ER
During a push up, what direction does the humerus glide and roll at the elbow joint during elbow extension?
What is humerus is rolling posteriorly and gliding anteriorly
Explain the motion that happens between the carpals and radius during wrist extension.
What is (1) distal row of carpals, (2) capitate hits scaphoid to lock distal and proximal row of carpals, (3) proximal row moves on radius?
There are a lot of muscles at work when a person reaches to brush his or her hair. Name two of the main muscles that cause a force-couple during scapular upward rotation.
What is serratus anterior and trapezius.
In the clinic you are working with a patient who has passive insufficiency in their triceps. You ask them to perform an an overhead tricep extension, what can you expect to see during the exercise?
What is limited elbow flexion while lowering the weight?
Bonus* 100
What head of the triceps is the most taut during the exercise?