Modeling our elderly world
What is the organized study of the universe that helps us make observations, inferences, and models?
Science
A tiny particle suspended in water moves randomly even though nothing visible appears to push it. What phenomenon helps explain this movement?
Brownian motion
Who used the word “atomos,” meaning “uncuttable,” to describe the smallest particles of matter?
Democritus
Who proposed that atoms of the same element are identical and cannot be broken or destroyed?
John Dalton
Which ancient group believed matter was made of earth, air, fire, water, and aether?
Ancient Greeks
What are the two broad categories of worldview mentioned in the lesson?
Secular and religious
A student uses a balance to determine how much matter is in a rock. What property is being measured?
Mass
Put these scientists in chronological order: Rutherford, Democritus, Thomson, Dalton.
Democritus → Dalton → Thomson → Rutherford
Arrange these atomic models from earliest to most recent: Quantum-mechanical, Nuclear, Dalton, Bohr, Plum pudding.
Dalton → Plum pudding → Nuclear → Bohr → Quantum-mechanical
Which scientist created the system of element symbols using letters from element names, forming the basis of the modern symbol system?
Jacob Berzelius
What biblical passage gives humans the responsibility to fill the earth and have dominion over creation?
Genesis 1:26, 28 / Creation Mandate
Tea appears uniform throughout, and its components are physically combined. What type of mixture is it?
Homogeneous mixture / solution
Which model described the atom as having electrons embedded in a positively charged substance?
Plum pudding model
Which scientist proposed the Saturnian model, in which electrons moved around a positive center?
Hantaro Nagaoka
Is Co an element or a compound? What does it represent?
Element; cobalt.
They are useful but incomplete representations of reality.
model
Dry ice changes directly from a solid into a gas. What change is occurring, and what is the opposite process?
Sublimation; its opposite is deposition.
An atom has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. What is its mass number?
35
An atom has a mass number of 40 and an atomic number of 18. How many neutrons does it have?
22 neutrons
Why did scientists need to develop a system for organizing elements as more elements were discovered?
Because the increasing number of elements made it difficult to remember and compare their properties without an organized system.
Arrange the following steps of scientific investigation in the correct order, starting with the first step:
A. Analysis
B. Research
C. Conclusion
D. Observation
E. Investigation
F. Posing Questions
G. Communication
H. Forming a Hypothesis
D → F → B → H → E → A → C → G
Observation → Posing Questions → Research → Forming a Hypothesis → Investigation → Analysis → Conclusion → Communication
A sample has a mass of 72 g and a density of 9 g/cm³. What is its volume?
d = m ÷ V
8 cm³
Write the isotope notation for an atom of carbon with 6 protons and 8 neutrons.
¹⁴₆C
An isotope is written as ²⁷₁₃Al. Determine its:
Atomic number = ?
Mass number = ?
Protons = ?
Neutrons = ?
A student writes CO when they mean cobalt. What is wrong with the symbol?
Co is cobalt; CO represents carbon monoxide. The lowercase “o” is essential.