Prevention and SDOH
Housing, education, income, transportation, and employment are examples of these nonmedical influences on health.
What are social determinants of health?
An occurrence of disease exceeding what is normally expected in a particular population, place, or period.
What is an outbreak?
A person’s ability to find, understand, and use health information and services is described by this term.
What is health literacy?
Cost, transportation, limited clinic hours, and inability to leave work are examples of these obstacles to obtaining care.
What are barriers to access?
Providing vaccines directly to eligible patients demonstrates this pharmacist public-health role.
What is immunization—or vaccine administration?
Vaccinating a person before disease occurs represents this level of prevention
What is primary prevention?
Protection produced when a person’s immune system responds to a vaccine or infection.
What is active immunity?
After counseling a parent, the pharmacist asks the parent to explain the information in their own words.
What is the teach-back method?
A parent wants vaccination but cannot obtain transportation. This situation should not automatically be labeled with this term describing doubt or reluctance about vaccination.
What is vaccine hesitancy?
Reviewing a patient’s age, health conditions, pregnancy status, and vaccination record to identify needed services is this pharmacist activity.
What is preventive-care assessment?
Screening an adult without symptoms to identify disease early represents this level of prevention
What is secondary prevention?
When enough people are immune, transmission is reduced and people who cannot be vaccinated receive some indirect protection.
What is community immunity—or herd immunity?
Listening without judgment, asking open-ended questions, and acknowledging concerns are elements of this patient-centered activity.
What is effective health communication?
This confidential Texas system may help authorized professionals locate a patient’s immunization history.
What is ImmTrac2?
When a pharmacy cannot provide a needed vaccine, connecting the patient with a qualified provider is this action.
What is referral?
Providing additional assistance to families facing the greatest barriers reflects this public-health principle, rather than giving every family exactly the same resources.
What is health equity?
Epidemiologists organize cases by these three characteristics to identify patterns during an outbreak.
What are person, place, and time?
The pharmacist shares reasons for vaccination, highlights positive experiences, addresses questions, reminds the parent about protection, and explains potential consequences of disease
What is SHARE?
This national resource helps clinicians determine what vaccines may be needed when a child’s vaccinations have been delayed.
What is the catch-up immunization schedule?
Checking records, communicating with providers, addressing barriers, and helping a patient complete needed services demonstrate this function.
What is care coordination?
After identifying low vaccination rates related to transportation and clinic hours, a pharmacy partners with a school to offer evening clinics. This approach addresses underlying causes before illness occurs.
What is an upstream intervention?
During an outbreak, 30 of 120 exposed people become ill. This is the attack rate.
What is 25%?
A pharmacist replaces technical language with plain language, uses an interpreter, and checks understanding. This represents communication adapted to the patient’s needs.
What is tailored health communication?
Pharmacies, schools, public-health agencies, and community organizations work together to improve neighborhood vaccination rates.
What is a multisector community partnership?
A pharmacist reviews community vaccination data, identifies an underserved population, develops an outreach partnership, and evaluates whether coverage improves. This represents this broader approach to practice.
What is population-based pharmacy practice?