DNA and RNA
A set of three DNA bases
What is a triplet?
A specific nucleotide sequence on the DNA molecule which binds the RNA polymerase
What is the promoter?
This process begins when the start codon AUG is recognized by the ribosome.
What is translation?
These code for a specific enzyme
What is a gene?
An organisms observable characteristics
What is the phenotype?
A set of three RNA bases
What is a codon?
This process occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells before mRNA is translated into protein.
What is transcription?
The site of protein synthesis where mRNA is translated into a polypeptide chain.
What is a ribosome?
A series of enzyme-linked processes
What is a metabolic pathway?
The genetic makeup of an organism - the DNA base sequence
What is the genotype?
T binds A AND C binds with G
What is the base-pairing rule?
During transcription, this type of RNA is synthesized using DNA as a template.
What is mRNA?
This molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation.
What is tRNA?
These proteins are biological catalysts
What are enzymes?
Something that changes the phenotype by changing the genotype
What is a mutagen?
What are the 3 types of RNA?
This enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix to initiate the process of transcription.
What is RNA polymerase?
The sequence of amino acids in a protein is determined by the sequence of these in the mRNA.
What are codons?
A change in the DNA sequence which changes the protein produced
What is a mutation?
Changes the phenotype without changing the genotype
What is an environmental factor?
Uracil
What replaces Thymine in RNA?
The enzymes moves along the DNA until it reaches a triplet that stops transcription.
What is the terminator sequence?
The end of the translation process is marked by this sequence of bases.
What are stop codons?
The biological molecule that binds to an enzyme
What is a substrate?
Information from a gene is used to synthesize functional gene products, influenced by the environment
What is gene expression?