TRANSCRIPTION
organelle where genetic code is translated into amino acid sequence
ribosome
number of amino acids that determine 1 amino acid
3
cell differentiation is triggered by activation of specific _____
genes
potential impact of changes to DNA nitrogen base sequence
changes in proteins produced
product of transcription
mRNA
product of translation
proteins
3 biomolecules involved in triggering cell differentiation
DNA, proteins, enzymes
3 possible outcomes of mutation
negative, positive, neutral effect on organism
mRNA carries this from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
genetic code
where tRNA molecules get their amino acids
cytoplasm
translate: UAG CUA GCU
Stop Leu Ala
3 external triggers of cell differentiation
temperature, nutrients, pH
type of cell that transfers mutation to offspring
gamete
transcribe: CAT CGA TCC
GUA GCU AGG
what tRNA molecules align with
mRNA codons
anticodons (tRNA) for Val Tyr Ser
CAA AUG AGC
type of organism that does not have active genes for cell differentiation
unicellular
type of point mutation that cannot produce a silent mutation
frameshift (insertion, deletion)
through holes in the nuclear membrane
organelle a liver would use to send proteins to a pancreas cell
Golgi body
Phe AAA; AAG
Asp CTA; CTG
Leu AAT; AAC
outcome of mutation triggering uncontrolled cell differentiation
cancer
chromosomal mutation that causes Down's Syndrome
trisomy 21 caused by chromosomal nondisjunction