Prokaryotic Regulation (Pt. 1)
What do prokaryotes utilize to regulate gene expression?
Operons.
What is the default state of the lac operon?
Off.
What will result from the binding of a transcription factor to an enhancer region?
An increase/enhancement of transcription
What is the inducer in a lac operon called?
Allolactose
What are genes that encode regulatory proteins called?
Regulatory genes
What is the default state of a trp operon?
On.
Where do transcription factors bind to?
The promoter sequence.
What type of regulatory protein binds to an operator to increase transcription?
An activator
What part of an operon does RNA polymerase bind to?
In the tryptophan operon, tryptophan serves as ________________.
A corepressor
What process is used to make different mRNAs from pre-existing mRNAs?
Alternative RNA splicing
The toxic shock syndrome toxin is produced by some Salmonella species when there is not sufficient iron present. When iron is present, it prevents transcription of the TSS-toxin gene. Iron therefore serves as __________.
A corepressor
What regulatory protein binds to an operator to reduce transcription?
A repressor
What are the two categories of operons?
Inducible and repressible.
What type of genetic changes are temporary and alter chromosomal structure?
Epigenetic changes
A protein binds a DNA sequence several hundred base pairs upstream of a promoter. This results in an increased rate of transcription of the gene. Which type of protein is likely binding?
An enhancer