Mendelian Genetics & Probability
The probability that a heterozygous parent (Aa) passes the dominant allele to offspring.
What is 1/2?
The number of chromosome sets in a gamete.
What is 1n?
The end product of meiosis.
What are four unique haploid gametes?
The enzyme that unwinds DNA.
What is helicase?
Both alleles are fully expressed.
What is codominance?
Gametes produced by an individual with genotype AaQq.
What are AQ, Aq, aQ, aq?
The ploidy of a zygote formed from two haploid gametes.
What is 2n?
The process that creates new allele combinations during meiosis.
What is recombination?
The enzyme that synthesizes DNA.
What is DNA polymerase?
A blended phenotype appears.
What is incomplete dominance?
The probability of producing genotype aa from two Aa parents.
What is 1/4?
An organism with 3n = 12 has this haploid number.
What is 4?
The separation of homologous chromosomes occurs during this phase.
What is Anaphase I?
Short DNA fragments formed on the lagging strand.
What are Okazaki fragments?
Nitrogenous bases with a double-ring structure.
What are purines?
The probability of producing a dominant phenotype from Aa × Aa.
What is 3/4?
An organism with 4n = 40 has this diploid number.
What is 20?
The separation of sister chromatids occurs during this phase.
What is Anaphase II?
The region where DNA is actively being unwound during replication.
What is a replication fork/bubble?
The equation p + q =1 represents this.
What is allele frequency?
In Aa × Aa, given that an offspring shows the dominant phenotype, this is the probability it is heterozygous.
What is 2/3?
Having more than two sets of chromosomes.
What is polyploidy?
Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis I leads to this chromosomal condition.
What is nondisjunction?
This strand is synthesized discontinuously but still in the overall 5’ → 3’ direction.
What is the lagging strand?
These transposons move via an RNA intermediate and require reverse transcription.
What are class I/retro transposons