genes
what is the alternate form of a gene?
Allele
in a monohybrid cross how many phenotypes are you trying to predict?
one
what is a law stating that allele pairs separate during gamete formation, so each gamete carries only one allele for each gene?
mendels law of segregation
what are parasites?
an organism that needs a host to survive
what is a host?
an organism within or upon which another organism or virus
When an individual has two of the same allele for a trait, whether it be dominant or recessive?
homozygous
when both alleles are dominant and are expressed of the same phenotype?
co-dominance
what is a law stating that each allele pair segregates randomly to the haploid gametes in meiosis?
mendels law of independent assortment
what is the main cause for genetic disorder and what can be an effect from it?
errors in the genes. These errors in the genes may cause a protein to be made incorrectly.
what is the gene that hides itself?
the reccesive gene
A condition where an individual possesses two different alleles of a gene
Heterozygous
When neither allele is dominant and they mix together?
incomplete dominance
what is a law stating that when an organism contains two alleles for a trait, the dominant one will be expressed, masking the recessive trait?
Mendel's law of dominance
DNA replication
In pea plants, the allele for tall plants (T) is dominant over the allele for short plants (t). Two heterozygous tall plants are crossed. what is the dominance being shown?
complete dominance
when one trait is controlled by more then one gene?
polygenic
In pea plants, the allele for tall plants (T) is dominant over the allele for short plants (t). Two heterozygous tall plants are crossed. What are the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of their offspring? and what is the probability of a short plant?
genotypic ratio 1 TT: 2 Tt: 1 tt
phenotypic ratio 3 tall 1 short
Probability of short plant: 25%
A scientist is studying two traits in pea plants: flower color and seed shape. Purple flowers (P) are dominant over white flowers (p), and round seeds (R) are dominant over wrinkled seeds (r).Two pea plants, both heterozygous for flower color and seed shape (PpRr), are crossed. According to Mendel’s Law of Segregation, what are the possible alleles that each parent can pass on for flower color
each parent can pass on either P or p allele for flower color.
how do cancer cells differentiate from normal cells?
they divide more rapidly and grow faster with fewer checks in S-phase.
what is the difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycle?
the lytic cycle constantly reproduces while the lysogenic does not
How do alleles contribute to genetic variation in a population?
the alleles inherit genes from the mother and father and genetic variations occur.
In pea plants, the allele for yellow seeds (Y) is dominant over green seeds (y), and the allele for round seeds (R) is dominant over wrinkled seeds (r). Two plants that are heterozygous for both traits (YyRr) are crossed. What are the phenotypic ratios of their offspring?
9:3:3:1
In garden pea plants, tall (T) is dominant over short (t), and yellow pods (Y) are dominant over green pods (y). A gardener crosses a plant that is homozygous tall with yellow pods (TTYY) with a plant that is homozygous short with green pods (ttyy). What will be the genotype and phenotype of the F1 generation according to Mendel’s laws
genotype: 100% TtYy
phenotype: 100% tall, yellow pods
what happens during G1 and G2 of interphase
G1: period of the cell before it replicates
G2: The period after the cell replicates
The host cell is destroyed at the end of the cycle.
The cycle results in a rapid increase in the number of viruses.