Basic Genetics
This molecule carries genetic information and is shaped like a twisted ladder?
DNA
This genetic disorder is caused by an extra chromosome 21
Down syndrome
This is the term for all the genes in an organism's DNA
What is the genome
This term refers to the different versions of a gene that can occupy a specific locus on a chromosome.
What are alleles
These are the basic units of heredity, located on chromosomes
genes
This recessive genetic disorder affects hemoglobin, causing red blood cells to have a sickle shape
sickle cell anemia
These are alternative forms of a gene
What are alleles
When an individual possesses two identical alleles for a particular gene, they are said to be this
What is homozygous
This is the process by which genetic information is passed from parents to offspring
heredity
This X-linked recessive disorder primarily affects males and impairs blood clotting
hemophilia
This is a chart that shows the inheritance of traits within a family
What is a pedigree
When an individual possesses two different alleles for a particular gene, they are said to be this.
What is heterozygous
This is the complete set of genetic material in an organism
Genome
This autosomal dominant disorder affects connective tissue and can cause long limbs and heart problems
What is Marfan syndrome
This is the process by which mRNA is made from DNA
What is transcription
In a heterozygous genotype, this type of allele will mask the expression of the other
What is a dominant allele
These are alternative forms of a gene
alleles
This neurodegenerative disorder is caused by a dominant gene and typically appears in middle age
What is Huntington's disease
What is DNA short for
deoxyribonucleic acid
For a trait determined by this type of allele to be expressed, an individual must possess two copies of it
What is a recessive allele