Vocabulary 1
Genes code for these -physical characteristics or ...
Traits
A tool scientists use to predict what offspring may look like...
Punnett Square
Type of reproduction where offspring are identical to the parents
Asexual
One of two or more forms of a particular gene (the options for a gene).
Allele
A permanent change in a DNA sequence that can introduce a brand-new trait into a population.
mutation
The passing of traits from parent to offspring is called.
Heredity
Having Freckles (F) is dominant over not having Freckles (f). If a person who is heterozygous has children with a person who is also homozygous recessive, what is the probability that their children will have Freckles?
50%
Your genes might dictate how easily you burn, but actually getting this darkened skin tone requires exposure to UV rays from the sun.
What is a tan?
Gene that is hidden when the dominant gene is present
Recessive
This specific type of mutation happens when one single nitrogen base (like Adenine) is accidentally swapped or replaced by a different base (like Cytosine).
What is a substitution mutation?
This double-helix molecule found in the nucleus of your cells holds all your genetic instructions.
What is DNA?
This kind of gene always shows itself over a recessive gene.
Dominant Gene
Becoming a master at playing the guitar or hitting a three-pointer in basketball is this type of trait, which requires practice rather than just good DNA.
What is a learned skill (or acquired trait)?
A structure made of coiled DNA that transfers hereditary information to the next generation (Comes in pairs)
Chromosome
If one parent is Blood Type AB, and the other parent in type O, what are the chances that they have a child that is type O.
0%
Organisms that have two of the same alleles are called...
Homozygous
If tulips exhibit incomplete dominance for color, and red tulips are crossed with white tulips. What percent of the offspring would be pink tulips?
100% Pink
While a bird's ability to sing is a genetic instinct, learning the specific "regional dialect" or song of its local flock is driven by this.
What is the environment?
This term refers to the actual physical appearance or observable traits of an organism (like having brown fur).
Phenotype
TTA GCC changing to TGT AGC is an example of what type of mutation?
Insertion Mutation
Organisms that have two different genes for the same trait are called...
heterozygous
Right-handedness (R) is dominant over left-handedness (r). If a person who is heterozygous has children with a person who is also heterozygous, what would be their children’s possible genotypes?
RR, Rr, rr
Your genes give you a "maximum potential" for this physical trait, but poor nutrition during childhood can stunt it.
What is height?
This term refers to the specific alleles or genetic makeup of an organism, usually represented by letters like Bb or TT.
Genotype
Because different combinations of DNA bases can sometimes code for the exact same amino acid, this type of mutation changes the DNA code but has absolutely zero effect on the final protein or trait.
What is a silent mutation?