MEIOSIS
Genetic "TYPES"
PEDIGREE
NUCLEIC ACIDS
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
100
Unlike DIPOLID cells created by MITOSIS, these type of cells are created by MEIOSIS. They contain only HALF the chromosomes of the cells they were made from.
What is HAPLOID?
100
Usually represented by upper and lower case letters, the represent the versions of alleles that are inherited by offspring.
What is GENOTYPE?
100
A horizontal line on a pedigree chart shows this kind of relationship.
What are mating partners?
100
These base paring rules only apply to DNA.
What is All-The; Good-Children? A's bond with T's, C's bond with G's. Adenine-Thymine; Guanine-Cytosine.
100
This organelle is considered the "protein factory". Perhaps because it is the site of protein synthesis within cells.
What is a RIBOSOME?
200
This is the amount of cells created after meiosis is complete, each will be genetically unique.
What is FOUR?
200
This "TYPE" refers to the physical appearance of a trait based upon the genotype that was inherited.
What is PHENOTYPE?
200
A fork as shown here demonstrates this kind of relationship...
What are siblings or offspring?
200
If a gene contains 24% of the nucleotide ADININE, it should also contain this percentage of the complementary nucleotide.
What is 24% THYMINE?
200
DNA never leaves the nucleus. In order to make proteins, it sends it message via this molecule.
What is MESSENGER RNA (mRNA)?
300
During PROPHASE I, this event happens as chromosomes form a tetrad.
What is RECOMBINATION or CROSSING-OVER?
300
A layout of all the chromosomes within an organism helps biologists compare genes and detect genetic errors.
What is a KARYOTYPE
300
Based on this pedigree, the trait causing the offspring to be affected must have this genotype.
What is AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE or HOMOZOGOUS RECESSIVE?
300
Unlike DNA this nucleotide replaces THYMINE (T) in a RNA strand.
What is URACIL (U)?
300
The first three codons translated into mRNA from this segment of DNA: TAC-TGA-CAT.
what is mRNA: AUG-ACU-GUA?
400
During metaphase I, these type of chromosome align at the middle of the cell.
What are HOMOLOGUS PAIRS?
400
These are the only three genotypes. The letters that represent them can be completely different depending on the trait being used.
What is HOMOZGOUS DOMINANT, HETEROZYGOUS and HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE?
400
Based on this pedigree, offspring #5 must have this genotype...
What is AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE or HOMOZOGOUS RECESSIVE?
400
This enzyme "unzips" the double helix of DNA in order to begin copying sister strands in a replication fork.
What is HELICASE?
400
This molecule carries the amino acid that will connect with the ribosome during protein synthesis.
What is TRANSFER RNA (tRNA)?
500
These are the type of cells created from meiosis. The fusion of them creates a zygote.
What are GAMETES?
500
This is genotypic and phenotypic ration when heterozygous parents breed.
Geno-ratio...1:2:1
Pheno-Ratio...3:1
500
Based on this pedigree, PARENT #2 should have what kind of GENOTYPE...
What is AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT or HETEROZYGOUS?
500
This enzyme links new nucleotides to the original strand of DNA to make a new copy.
What is DNA POLYMERASE?
500
This name is befitting for a string of newly made protein, being that they get made like adding beads to a string.
What is a POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN?