Mendelian Genetics
This man is considered to be the Father of Genetics.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
Describes a version of a gene.
What is an allele?
What are the phenotypic ratios of the offspring from a RR x rr breeding pair.
R = Long tail
r = short tail
4/4 = 100% Long Tail
True or False:
All alleles follow a simple dominant/reccessive pattern.
False.
True or False: In most sexually reproducing organisms, each adult has two copies of each gene.
True.
These are the alleles.
Used to describe the physical characteristics of a trait.
What is a phenotype?
What are the genotypes of the resulting offspring from a Gg x GG breeding pair?
(Use the correct vocab terms to describe the offspring's genotypes)
2/4 Homozygous Dominant (GG)
2/4 Heterozygous (Gg)
True or false:
Genes always have just 2 alleles. (versions of the gene)
False.
Ex: ABO Blood Groups
This framework is useful for solving simple genetic crosses.
What is a Punnett Square?
Describes an individual who has both a recessive and a dominant allele for a trait.
What is a heterozygote? (Hybrid)
The phenotypic ratio resulting from crossing two heterozygote parents is always this.
3:1
3 display the dominant trait, 1 displays the recessive trait
Describes when neither allele gives a definite phenotype.
What is incomplete dominance?
The idea that one allele is given by parent 1 and the other allele is given by parent 2 represents this third conclusion of Mendel.
The Principle of Segregation.
Describes a genotype for a trait where both alleles are identical.
What is homozygous?
A red flower (rr) is crossed with a white flower (ww)
What are the the resulting offspring's phenotypes?
100% pink, since neither red nor white is completely dominant.
Which blood type is the universal donor?
Type O
Mendel's second conclusion that states some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
Describes traits that are controlled by multiple genes.
What is polygenic?
A woman with type AB blood decides to have a baby with a man who has type O blood. What blood types could their baby have?
Type A or Type B.
Describes when both alleles are expressed.
What is codominance?