General
What is a gerund made of?
A verb + ing (동사원형 +ing)
Translate this phrase into Korean: "going shopping"
쇼핑하러 가기 / ~하러 가다
What is the structure of a Perfect Gerund?
having + past participle (having + 과거분사/p.p.)
What is the "to" in "look forward to -ing" or "be used to -ing"? Is it a to-infinitive or a preposition?
A preposition!
In the sentence "My hobby is reading books," what role does the gerund "reading" play?
Subject Complement
True or False:
A gerund functions as a noun in a sentence
True (참 - 동명사는 문장에서 명사처럼 주어, 목적어, 보어로 쓰입니다.)
Complete the sentence with the correct form: "My brother is busy ________ (make) a model airplane."
making
Why do we use a Perfect Gerund instead of a simple gerund?
To show that the action of the gerund happened earlier than the time of the main verb. (주절의 동사보다 먼저 일어난 일임을 나타낼 때 씁니다.)
Fix the mistake: "I look forward to see you." -> "I look forward to ________ you."
seeing
Identify the function of the italicized word: "Collecting stamps is fun." (Subject, Object, or Complement?)
Subject
Fill in the blank with the correct form of read: "I enjoy ________ books."
reading
What does "be worth -ing" mean in Korean?
~할 가치가 있다
Fill in the blank: "He is proud of ________ (win) the prize yesterday."
having won
Fill in the blank: "She is used to ________ (watch) movies alone."
watching
In the sentence "I like swimming," what role does "swimming" play?
Object
Spot the gerund in this sentence: "Swimming is my favorite hobby."
Swimming
Fill in the blank: "I spent all my money ________ (buy) new books."
buying
True or False: "having done" refers to an action in the past relative to the main sentence.
True
What is the difference in meaning between "stop to eat" and "stop eating"?
"stop to eat" means stop doing something in order to eat, while "stop eating" means quit eating in that moment
Can a gerund complement come after the linking verb "is"?
Yes
Why do we use a gerund after prepositions like in, on, at, about?
Because prepositions must be followed by nouns or noun equivalents (like gerunds). (전치사 뒤에는 명사나 동명사가 와야 하기 때문입니다.)
Choose the correct word: "My father is good at (carve / carving) sculptures."
carving
Convert "She regrets that she missed the bus" using a perfect gerund: "She regrets ________ the bus."
having missed
Which one is correct after the verb want: "want studying" or "want to study"?
want to study
True or False: Because a gerund acts as a noun, it can be modified by adjectives (or possessive pronouns like my, Tom's).
True