Causes
Presentation
Investigations
Risk Factors
Treatment
100
What is gout?
A build up of uric acid
100
What are the symptoms of gout?
red, hot, extremely painful and swollen, with shiny skin over the area
100
True or False: All patients with hyperuricaemia will develop gout?
False
100
What gender has greater chances of getting gout?
Males
100
What is the treatment to prevent gout attacks?
allopurinol
200
What are the 2 ways that hyperuricaemia can occur?
reduced renal urate excretion or less commonly, high production/ consumption
200
What is the most commonly affected site?
big toe
200
What shape are monosodium urate(uric acid) crystals?
needle shaped, rhomboid shaped
200
Name two items which increase uric acid levels
seafood, food with yeast in, red meat, alcohol, sugary drinks
200
What is the brand name of Colchicine?
Colcrys
300
What is it that is converted to uric acid?
Purine bases
300
Name 5 other joints that may be affected?
ankle, knee, elbow, wrist and in the fingers
300
Name a blood test that will come back raised in someone with gout?
ESR-erythrocyte sedimentation rate
300
What were the drugs that were mentioned that can increase risk of gout?
Diuretics and aspirin
300
What drugs are used to treat acute attacks of gout (name 2)?
Colchicine, NSAIDs
400
Why does the inflammation in an acute gout attack occur?
when crystals are shed from deposits into the joint
400
What are tophi?
soft tissue deposits of urate
400
What is the period between gout attacks called?
intercritical period
400
What items can decrease uric acid concentration?
coffee, vitamin C, dairy products
400
Name 3 indicators for the use of Colchicine?
2 or more acute attacks in a year, one or more tophi, joint or kidney damage due to gout, one or more kidney stones from uric acid, had an acute attack and are on long term medications that can cause gout.
500
Abnormally high levels of uric acid in the blood is called?
Hyperuricaemia
500
what is gouty inflammation on the big toe called?
podagra
500
What level of serum uric acid is considered normal?
<7 mg/dl
500
What is a "primary" risk factor of developing gout?
Hereditary factors
500
Decreased consumption of red meats and seafood, restricted alcohol consumption, calorie restriction ( to help lose weight)
What dietary recommendations could you make to a pt to help decrease the risk of acute gouty arthritis?
M
e
n
u