Landmark Cases
Civil Liberties
Huh?
You Try It!
Legal Eagle
100
In this landmark case, the Supreme Court set the precedent that "separate but equal" was constitutional.
Plessy vs. Ferguson
100
The 1st amendment protects these inalienable rights but it does not protect against... 
Protects freedom of speech, press, religion, and assembly.


Does not protect- hate speech, threats, libel/slander, etc

100
The division of power between federal and state governments. Also a strong national government with small state governments.
Federalism
100

In a political demonstration during the Republican National Convention in Texas, Gregory Lee Johnson doused an American flag with kerosene and set it on fire. No one was hurt or threatened with injury, but some witnesses said they were seriously offended, and Johnson was charged and convicted with the desecration of a venerated object, in violation of the Texas Penal Code. In a split decision, the Supreme Court determined that Johnson’s actions were symbolic speech protected by his First Amendment Rights. 

Which had original jurisdiction?

Texas District Court because the flag burning (not a federal offense) happened in Texas.
100
This person or party brings the case against another to court.
Plaintiff
200
In this landmark case, the Supreme court ruled that student's privacy rights could be limited in school.
New Jersey vs. T.L.O
200
This amendment provides equal protection under the law, and the rights of citizens residing in each state. 
14th amendment
200
Due process is the protection of life, liberty, and property. What rights does this grant to accused persons?
Fair & speedy trial

An attorney (or court appointed)

No seizures of land/property

Trial by jury

Fair & equal punishment

Right to silence (self-incrimination)

Informed of charges against them

200
In 2014, the parents of a deceased famous singer sued a new music artist on the grounds of copyright violation. According to the family, the new music artist's song plagiarized their son's 1977 song. A jury found the music artist guilty, and a judge declared that he pay the family 5.3 million.
Who is the defendant?
200

an earlier ruling that is used as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.

Precedent
300
In this landmark case, the 5th and 6th amendments were violated setting the precedent that accused persons should be informed of their rights before police interrogation.
Miranda vs. Arizona
300

"You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided for you. Do you understand the rights I have just read to you? With these rights in mind, do you wish to speak to me?”

What is this called?

Miranda Rights or Miranda Warning
300
In Latin this term means "to produce the body". Interpreted by the U.S. legal system it requires the government to produce the prisoner in court or justify their imprisonment.
Writ of Habeas Corpus
300
In 1995, a 12 year old boy wanted to try out for his football league. To participate in the season, the school district required all athletes to take and pass mandatory drug test. When his parents refused, the school suspended him from sports for the season, without a hearing. His parents took the issue to court.

What civil liberty did the parents feel was most violated in this case? 

Due Process- the boy should is allowed a fair hearing before any punishment
300
This lawyer represents the government.
Prosecutor
400
In 1803 this landmark case set the precedent of judicial review or the ability of the US Supreme court to review the validity of a legislative act. 
Marbury vs. Madison
400
This amendment protects you against unreasonable search and seizures. 
4th amendment
400
The authority of the government is sustained through consent of the people (elected officials).
Popular Sovereignty
400
In 2006, a man was on trial for the murder of a woman in California. The victim's family attended the trial and wore large buttons that negatively portrayed the defendant on trial. The buttons were clearly visible to all in the courtroom. The defense asked the judge to have the family remove the buttons, arguing they could prejudice the jury.


What right was in conflict of the family's freedom of speech?

The right to a fair trial
400
A body of 12-24 people that determine if the evidence provided should lead to charges against a person (indictment).
Grand Jury
500
In 1954 this landmark case overturned the precedent of "separate but equal"- ending segregation and Jim Crow laws.
Brown vs. Board of Education
500
Under this amendment excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
8th amendment
500
Fundamental part of US government: responsibilities are divided into 3 branches (legislative, executive, judicial).
Separation of powers
500

What principle of democracy is most evident in the following excerpt?

In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction...The trial of all crimes...shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been committed.

Federalism- division of power amongst national and state governments
500
This type of jurisdiction allows for this court to overturn the decision made by a lower court
Appellate Jurisdiction 
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