Matter
What is matter?
everything that takes up space (volume) and has mass
What is energy
the ability to do work
What is pressure?
What is a force
a push or pull
What are atoms?
Smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance.
What are atoms?
the basic unit from which all matter is made
What are the different types of energy? Name 4
kinetic, potential, chemical, nuclear, radiant, solar, thermal
As altitude increases, what happens to atmospheric pressure?
it decreases
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Velocity has a direction, speed doesn't
How is the periodic table ordered?
They are ordered at least to greatest of atomic number.
What are the different phases of matter? (There are 4!)
solid, liquid, gas, and plasma
What is the difference between nonrenewable and renewable energy?
Non renewable energy can't be replenished in a short period of time but is really cheap
Renewable energy can constantly be replenished and are referred to as clean but they are more expensive.
What causes buoyant force?
There is more pressure on the bottom of an object because pressure increases with depth which results in an upward force on the object
Name the different types of chemical reactions
synthesis, single replacement, double replacement, decomposition and combustion
What are the different phase changes? Name 3
freezing, melting, sublimation, evaporation, condensation, deposition, ionization
What is thermal energy and temperature and how are they related?
Thermal energy is the total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in an object and can also be referred to internal energy. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. They are related because the thermal energy of an object is the total energy of all the particles in an object.
What is Bernoulli's Principle?
It states that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, its pressure decreases
Name an example of acceleration
A plane taking off
A car stopping at a stop sign (often referred to as deceleration)
A car making a turn
What are isotopes
when an element has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
What is the name of the system scientists in almost all countries use to explain the results of an experiment in a quantitative manner?
The International System of Measurement or the Metric System
What are the three different transfers of heat and how are they different?
Conduction: transfer from one particle to another within an object or between two objects in DIRECT contact
Radiation: transfer by electromagnetic waves directly through space or matter
Convection: transfer that occurs through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases)
What is Archimedes Principle?
it states that the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is an upward force equal to the weight of the volume of fluid that the object displaces
If a car, with an initial velocity of 30 m/s, accelerates at a rate of 20 m/s2 for 5 seconds, what will its final velocity be?
130m/s
What do acids have an excessive amount of?
H+ ions