Airway, Respiration, And Ventilation
When is the most likely time you would expect to hear wheezes in a patient complaining of shortness of breath secondary to an asthma attack?
While breathing out, or exhaling.
Circulation is evaluated in the primary assessment by assessing:
After falling 20 feet from a roof, a 26-year-old female is lying supine and does not appear to be conscious or breathing. What should you do first upon arrival?
Apply manual in-line stabilization.
A 32 year-old male intentionally cut his wrist after losing his job. Law enforcement has secured the scene prior to your arrival. As you enter the residence, you see that the patient has a towel around his wrist with a moderate amount of blood soaked through it. What should you do next?
Calmly identify yourself to the patient
What should be done if a newborn's heart rate is less than 60 beats/min following delivery?
Provide ventilations for 30 seconds.
If a provider is pulling a weight that is below the level of his waist, he should be in a(n)__________ position.
kneeling
A patient complaining of shortness of breath reveals wheezing during assessment. Which one of the following conditions is responsible for this finding?
Bronchiole constriction
Swelling in the throat
Mucus in the lungs
Significant hypoxia
Bronchiole constriction
You have an 84-year-old male experiencing chest pain who's vitals are; pulse 82, respirations 16, and blood pressure 138/86. He has a long history of cardiac problems. You note that the patient's pulse falls to 47 when his pain starts. What does this slowing of pulse indicate?
Reduced cardiac output.
Signs and symptoms of a sprain would include all of the following, EXCEPT:
deformity.
A patient cannot move his left arm or leg. Based on this presentation, you should strongly suspect that a stroke has occurred in what part of the central nervous system?
Right side of the brain
Your assessment of a premature baby you just delivered reveals that he is breathing adequately but that his heart rate is 90 beats/min. You should:
keep him warm and provide ventilatory assistance.
At the scene of a WMD or terrorist attack, if the incident command system (ICS) is already established the EMS provider should:
Locate the medical staging officer to obtain his or her assignment.
Without oxygen, which of the following tissues or organs can survive the longest?
muscle
heart
liver
kidneys
muscle
What is the main legal risk of AED use?
failing to deliver a shock when one is needed
A patient has been shot in the chest with a rifle. Assessment reveals a deteriorating level of consciousness and inadequate breathing. Positive pressure ventilation is being administered, and the entrance wound, located midclavicular at the second intercostal space on the left side of the chest, has been covered. Next, you would:
look for an exit wound.
What part of the brain coordinates all necessary life functions?
brain stem
While administering epinephrine via auto-injector, you should hold the injector in place for:
10 seconds.
An EMS provider was discussing a patient's medical condition with another EMS provider from a different organization. The second EMS provider then repeated this information to others, which eventually made its way back to the patient. Which of the following is true in regards to issues of confidentiality?
The first EMT violated the HIPAA law.
You are called for an 18-year-old male who is complaining of left shoulder pain and is short of breath. The symptoms began about 15 minutes ago after he tried to tighten a lug nut on his car. There is no JVD or tracheal deviation, his lung sounds are slightly diminished in the left upper lobe, and he is breathing at 25 times per minute. Of the following, which would you do FIRST?
Administer a bronchodilator.
Immobilize the left shoulder.
Provide supplemental oxygen.
Being positive pressure ventilations.
Provide supplemental oxygen.
A person's cardiovascular system's ability to compensate for blood loss is MOST related to:
how rapid he or she bleeds.
After falling 20 feet from a roof, a 26-year-old female is lying supine and does not appear to be conscious or breathing. What should you do first upon arrival?
Apply manual in-line stabilization.
You are called to an outpatient clinic to transfer a 29 year-old male patient in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) to an acute-care hospital. When assessing the patient, which one of the following signs or symptoms would you expect to find?
Fruity or acetone odor on his breath
A patient begins to act extremely agitated and psychotic. Elevated temperature and drug intoxication are present. The patient soon ceases struggling, and within minutes develops inadequate respirations. He subsequently dies. It is important for you to be alert for this sequence of events in a patient who exhibits this behavior and monitor the patient constantly throughout the call. This condition is called:
excited or agitated delirium.
Any radio hardware that is located in a fixed location and contains a transmitter is called a:
Base station
What signs would seemingly indicate that a hypoxic patient is improving during oxygen administration?
The patient becomes more restful and wants to sleep.
The heart rate drops from 120 to 80 beats per minute.
The blood pressure increases from 136/78 to 150/86 mmHg.
The respirations slow from 24 to 22 per minute.
The heart rate drops from 120 to 80 beats per minute.
Of the following, which statement regarding hemophilia is correct?
Patients with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously.
Of the following, which statement shows that you understand field care of a patient with a possible joint dislocation?
The care for a patient with a joint injury is identical to that of a fracture.
Which one of the following instructions is most appropriate when moving a patient with severe generalized hypothermia?
I want everyone to take extra care in moving her very gently to the stretcher. We do not want her to go into cardiac arrest
Where should a prehospital provider place the back of his hand to assess skin temperature for a patient that may be hypothermic?
Abdomen
You recognize that there is a problem with what system in the body when a patient has an intraventricular shunt?
Central nervous
A patient with a heavy smoking history and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (emphysema) presents in marked respiratory distress with cyanosis noted to her fingertips. What should the EMS provider remember when administering oxygen to this patient?
oxygen should be provided at the same level as the patient receives at home.
oxygen must be administered only though a nasal cannula.
High-concentration oxygen will be toxic through a nasal cannula.
high-concentration oxygen must be provided if the patient's condition warrants.
high-concentration oxygen must be provided if the patient's condition warrants.
A 67-year-old man sitting upright at his kitchen table is in severe respiratory distress. He has remarkable swelling to his lower legs and feet. He has an open airway, but cannot speak more than two to three words without attempting to breathe. His breathing is extremely labored and his skin is cool, diaphoretic, and dusky in color. Family states a history of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and angina - for which he is currently prescribed nitroglycerine. What should you do immediately?
Of the following, which is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient?
partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA
You are called to a residence to assess a pediatric patient. The panicked mother states that her 4 year-old son was playing with his brother when he suddenly 'blanked out' and would not respond to her for several seconds. When asked, she denies any convulsing-like movement or history of medical problems. Based on this description, you would be suspicious of what type of seizure?
Absence
Which one of the following indicates that the blood pressure cuff has been correctly positioned on the patient's arm?
The cuff is on the same level as the patient's heart.
Where is the decon corridor located where equipment, personnel, and patients are decontaminated?
Warm zone