Court Cases
Right protected by Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971) and Engel v. Vitale (1962)
What is Freedom of Religion?
Explain "layer cake" federalism
Dual Federalism - distinct separation between levels of government
SCOTUS case that ruled "separate but equal" constitutional
What is Plessy v Ferguson (1896)?
The Traits of Public Opinion
What are salience, stability, direction and, intensity?
3 SCOTUS cases about symbolic speech
What are Tinker v des Moines Independent County School District (1969), U.S v Eichman (1990), and Citizens United v FEC (2010)?
Explain "marble cake" federalism
Cooperative Federalism -Federal and State governments work together
What is Miranda v Arizona (1966)?
Influential Public Opinion leaders
What are Elected officials, the media, religious leaders?
Protects citizens' rights on a Federal level
What is the Bill of Rights?
The 3 SCOTUS cases that define the Freedom of Speech
What are Schenck v. US (1919), Gitlow v New York (1925), and Brandenburg v Ohio (1969)?
A grant given from the Federal government to the States to help repave interstate highways.
What is a categorical grant?
SCOTUS case that defined the 4th Amendment
What is Mapp v Ohio (1960s)?
Three Problems with Polling
What is sampling, margin of error, question wording, non-response, neutral/no knowledge, agenda setting?
Protects citizens' rights from States
United States v Lopez (1995) limited this Clause
Commerce Clause
Important features of each level of government
Must have elected officials
Must be able to raise money by taxation
Authority to pass laws governing citizens
SCOTUS case that unanimously overruled Plessy v Ferguson (1896)
What is Brown v Board or Education (1954)?
Citizens opinions vary from issue to issue
What is consistent?
Outlawed Jim Crow laws
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
Griswold v Connecticut (1960s) gave us this protection under the 9th Amendment
The SCOTUS case that switched the US from State-Centered federalism to National Supremacy
What is McCulloch v Maryland (1819)?
Segregation by law
What is de jure segregation?
How important an issue is to a person/the public
What is salience?
Name the 6 important clauses we covered
What are the Necessary and Proper Clause, Commerce Clause, Spending Clause, Full Faith and Credit Clause, Establishment Clause, and Free Exercise Clause?