Period of time when scholars argued for fairness and proportionality in the punishment system, capital punishment was criticized, and procedural fairness was supported. Generally, they advanced the idea that the punishment must fit the crime.
What is The Enlightenment?
100
The driving force behind Three Strikes, which is to prevent crime by removing the offender from the community and by placing them in custody via jail or prison time.
What is incapacitation?
100
The weekly turnover rate for jail populations.
What is 60%?
100
The average length of terms of probation.
What is 23 months?
100
In a clip from the Colbert Show, author Michelle Alexander discusses her book, which claims that mass incarceration represents this.
What is the New Jim Crow?
200
Punishment developed by Quakers, believed to provide moral redemption of offenders, allowed convicts to spend all time contemplating God.
What is solitary confinement?
200
Implies that offenders have to repay for the wrong they have done to their victims and society, often viewed as “an eye for an eye”
What is retribution?
200
What are the three outcomes of a pretrial decision? Three R’s:
What is Release, Require Bail, Remand to Custody?
200
The two main perspectives on probation that probation officers must balance in the course of their jobs.
What are the social worker and law enforcement perspectives?
200
Not including those in jail or under community supervision, approximately how many people were incarcerated within prisons in 2012?
What is 1.6 million people?
300
Law enacted during the Progresssive Era that forced permanent segregation and second-class citizenship on African Americans and Latinos.
What are Jim Crow laws?
300
The purpose of punishment that assumes offenders’ ability to weigh costs and benefits, aims to use the threat of punishment to prevent people from committing crime, but is less effective for youth and those in need of mental health treatment.
What is deterrence?
300
We discussed many types of offenders that can be held in jails. Name three.
Who are those already convicted, awaiting trial, repeat offenders, probation/parole violators, those awaiting transfer, those awaiting release, etc.
300
An instance when a probationer does not commit a new crime, but is not complying with the conditions of supervision.
What is a technical violation?
300
There is one of these facilities operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons in Florence, CO, that also functions as a military prison.
What is a Supermax?
400
Hybrid version of solitary confinement developed in NY, allowed collective labor during the day but zero contact between prisoners.
What is The Auburn System?
400
The goal of the punishment process that involves victim-offender mediation, conferences with all involved parties, and peacemaking, an example of which was Conor McBride’s story.
What is restorative justice?
400
The Cook County Jail in Chicago is infamous because it houses such a large proportion of which category of offenders?
What are Mentally Ill Offenders?
400
Our guest speakers from Butte County Probation discussed this treatment program as being particularly effective for juvenile probationers?
What is Strengthening Families?
400
This prison design created by Jeremy Bentham proposed the efficiency of a radial, rather than a linear design.
What is the panopticon?
500
Recent period of history associated with elimination of plea bargaining, harsher sentencing penalties, and greater difficulty to secure parole.
What is the Get Tough Era?
500
In a video clip we watched, Governor Rick Perry calls this type of punishment the “ultimate justice” while discussing the death penalty during a presidential debate.
What is retribution?
500
We discussed the detrimental impacts of pretrial detention. Name one.
What is higher likelihood of conviction, more severe sentencing, or exposure to poor conditions?
500
While it costs an average of $28,000 to incarcerate someone for a year, it can cost an average of $_______ to supervise someone on probation for a year.
What is $1,200?
500
This SCOTUS decision mandated the reduction of California prison inmates due to cruel and unusual prison conditions.