Muscle Tissue & Function
What type of muscle is striated and contracts voluntarily?
Skeletal Muscle
A bundle of skeletal muscle fibers is called:
a Fascicle
What structures carry electrical signals from the the sarcolemma deep into the muscle fiber?
Transverse Tubules
What type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle shortens while producing force?
Concentric
which large chest muscle moves the humerus towards the clavicle or sternum
Pectoralis Major
The quadriceps govern which 2 muscle movements?
(name the joint with the movement)
Hip Flexion and Knee Extension
The tearing of muscle fibers is referred to as a:
Strain
What type of muscle is found in hollow organs and blood vessels?
Smooth Muscle
What is the connective tissue layer that surrounds an entire muscle?
Epimysium
What connective tissue transmits force from muscle to bone?
Tendon
What is it called when opposing muscles contract at the same time to stabilize a muscle?
Co-Contraction
What is the primary muscle responsible for breathing?
What is the name of the deepest abdominal muscle?
Transverse Abdominis
What is the term for when muscle fibers (and the muscle in general) increases in size
Hypertrophy
Which type of muscle fiber generally has more mitochondria, express less strength and power, but have greater resistance to fatigue
Type 1 Muscle Fiber
What band contains the thin actin filaments?
The I-Band
What chemical compound is responsible for connecting actin and myosin?
Calcium
What is the name of the muscle that is oppositional to the muscle being activated?
Antagonist
What muscle is primarily responsible for extending the elbow?
Triceps Brachii
What muscle group can both extend the hip and flex the knee?
A sudden, involuntary muscle contraction that results in pain and discomfort would be referred to as:
a Cramp
Which muscle tissue is found exclusively in the heart?
Cardiac
What structures inside of muscle fibers contain many sarcomeres?
Myofibril
What jagged-like structure marks the beginning and end points of a sarcomere?
Z Discs
What type of muscle contraction produces force without movement?
Isometric
Which broad back muscle produces shoulder extension and adduction?
Latissimus Dorsi
Hip Flexion
A decrease in muscle size due to disease, immobilization or disuse is called:
Atrophy
Which muscle fiber type is more powerful and explosive, but fatigues easily?
Type 2 Fibers
What is the specialized cell membrane of a muscle fiber called?
What is the fluid contained within a muscle cell called?
Sarcoplasm
What is it called when muscles contract in different directions, but produce a singular movement?
Force Couple
What powerful muscle controls chewing?
Masseter
The gluteus medius and minimus contribute to what primary movement?
Hip Abduction
Impaired function and inflammation of the tissues that connect muscle to bone would be called:
Tendonitis / Tendinopathy
What 2 contractile proteins are found in all muscle tissue types?
Actin & Myosin
What layer of connective tissue surrounds individual muscle fibers?
Endomysium
What band contains the thick myosin filament?
The A-Band
What type of muscle contraction occurs when a muscle lengthens under force?
Eccentric
Stabilizing the humeral head
The Transversospinal muscles, with their diagonal striations, primarily produce Extension and what other movement?
Rotation
The rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle, creating toxic waste products that harm the kidneys is called:
Rhabdomyolysis
Which muscle tissue type has to expand first in order to contract.
Smooth muscle
What structure of a muscle cell regulates the release of calcium for muscle contraction?
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
What chemical compound is responsible for separating the connection of actin and myosin
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
What is the name of contraction when multiple muscles work together to produce movement?
Synergistic
What name is given for muscles that govern the thumb?
Pollicis
What 2 muscle groups will co-contract to stabilize the hip and knee during walking?
Adductors and Abductors
A direct, forceful impact to muscle, causing damage would be called:
A Contusion