Vocab
Concepts
Structures
Wild Card
Miscellaneous
100
DNA is also known as this
What is life's giant book of information?
100
This is DNA in its most condensed form
What is a chromosome? 
100
This is DNA in its least condensed form
What is chromatin/single stranded DNA? 
100
List the four major biomolecules discussed in class
What are 1) proteins, 2) lipids, 3) carbohydrates, 4) nucleic acids? 
100
DNA and RNA belong in this class of biomolecules
What are nucleic acids? 
200
Name the two major times that our bodies need access to our DNA
What is 1) DNA replication and 2) Protein Synthesis?
200
Any time a gene is expressed, this occurs
What is a protein is synthesized? 
200
This is where you will find an anti-codon
What is on a piece of tRNA? 
200
What is the job of DNA ligase?
What is 'to seal up fragments of DNA on both new strands?' 
200
This type of chromosomal mutation leads to Trisomy-21
What is duplication?
300
Name the three pieces that make up a nucleotide
What is 1) sugar, 2) phosphate, 3) base (nucleic acid)?
300
Name two similarities between DNA replication and protein synthesis? 
What is 1) both require access to DNA, 2) both requires access to RNA, 3) both begin in the nucleus?
300
This type of RNA holds the ribosome together during translation
What is rRNA?
300
This type of mutation changes a normal codon into a stop codon
What is a nonsense mutation? 
300
Give two major differences between DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis
What is 1) DNA Rep occurs all in nucleus, requires access to all DNA, only happens once in the lifetime of a call, takes a while to occur and 2) Protein Synth. occurs in nucleus + cytoplasm, requires access to only a fraction of DNA, happens all the time, happens quickly? 
400
Give the full name for DNA and RNA AND name two of their major differences
What is 1) Deoxyribonucleic Acid, 2) Ribonucleic Acid, 3) DNA is double stranded and has Thymine and RNA is single stranded and has Uracil? 
400
Name and briefly explain the two parts of protein synthesis
What is 1) transcription (DNA -> RNA) and 2) translation (RNA -> protein)?
400
DNA polymerase can only add bases in this direction
What is 5' to 3'?
400
Briefly explain the difference between the leading and lagging strands during DNA replication
What is 'the leading strand is being synthesized continuously in the direction of unwinding, and the lagging strand is being synthesized discontinuously in the direction opposite of unwinding?' 
400
Give the term for the directionality of DNA and compare this directionality to something we see/deal with every day
What is 1) antiparallel and 2) roads? 
500
Name all five nucleotide bases found in DNA and RNA
What is Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Uracil? 
500
List the five major facts about genetic code discussed in class
What is 1) Universal, 2) Redundant, 3) Lacks punctuation, 4) Has stop and start codons, and 5) Divided up into 3-nucleotide sequences called codons? 
500
Name the four major enzymes involved in DNA replication
What is 1) DNA Helicase, 2) DNA polymerase, 3) DNA ligase, and 4) exonuclease? 
500
This is why a strand of DNA must be replicated in opposite directions (2 reasons)
What is 'because it is antiparallel and DNA polymerase can only add bases in one direction?' 
500
Explain the jobs of both DNA helicase and Exonuclease
What is 1) DNA helicase unwinds the strand of DNA and 2) Exonuclease removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA bases? 
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