Studying the Past
Society & Geography
Government & Global History
100

Firsthand evidence or records created during the exact time period being studied, such as diaries, letters, or original photos.

What is a Primary Source?

100

The shared beliefs, customs, arts, traditions, and way of life of a group of people.

What is Culture?

100

An area or territory controlled by a distant country and settled by its people.

What is a Colony?

200

Information created later by someone who did not experience the event firsthand, such as history textbooks or biographies.

What is a Secondary Source?

200

The study of the Earth's physical features, weather, and how humans interact with their environment.

What is Geography?

200

The process of establishing settlements and taking political control over another land and its people.

What is Colonization?

300

An object made or used by humans long ago, such as tools, pottery, or weapons.

What is an Artifact?

300

An official, organized society with set laws, cities, and complex social systems

What is a Civilization?

300

A written system of fundamental principles and laws that states how a nation or state is governed.

What is a Constitution?

400

The study of past human life by excavating and analyzing artifacts and remains.

What is Archaeology?

400

Trading goods or services directly for other goods or services without using money.

What is Barter?

400

A major, fundamental change in government or society, often involving the overthrow of a ruler or system.

What is a Revolution?

500

A system for organizing and ordering time, usually divided into years, centuries, and eras.

What is Chronology?

500

The movement of people or groups from one region or place to settle in another.

What is migration? 

500

The middle class in a society, historically including merchants, shopkeepers, and professionals.

What is the Bourgeoisie?

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