The Rise of Industry
what does the Gilded age mean
The Gilded Age was a period when economic growth masked underlying problems.
What did Rockefeller built
Standard Oil
What is a lockout
A lockout was when owners prevented employees from entering work.
Why did immigrants move to the cites
immigrants moved to the cites because of jobs and new opportunities encouraged people to move to cities. Mass transit, such as streetcars and subways
what is the spoils system
The spoils system awarded government jobs to loyal party members, even if they were unqualified. This could lead to corruption and inefficient government.
why were the railroads inportant
Railroads moved natural resources to factories and transported finished goods quickly and cheaply. This supported greater factory production and mass production
What are Captains of industry
Captains of industry was a positive label because they built the economy, provided jobs, or supported philanthropy.
What conditions did Workers face
Workers faced conditions such as unsafe workplaces, long hours, low wages, child labor, and no unemployment insurance.
What was the ethnic enclave
An ethnic enclave was a neighborhood formed by immigrants from the same country. It helped people retain their language and culture
what is a political machine
A political machine controlled city politics to help its candidates win and to make government work to its advantage. It sought voter loyalty by offering services to poor residents and immigrants.
what were Protective tariffs
Protective tariffs made imported goods more expensive, helping protect American industry.
What did Rockefeller do
Rockefeller built Standard Oil by lowering prices, buying out competitors, and forcing other companies out of business. Standard Oil eventually controlled most of the U.S. oil market.
What is a labor union
A labor union is an organized group of workers that protects and advances workers rights
What was Ellis island
Ellis Island processed European immigrants in New York, while Angel Island processed Asian immigrants on the West Coast. Angel Island was harsher, and many immigrants were kept in poor conditions for weeks or months.
what does a political machine
A machine might provide food, jobs, rent money, or help becoming a citizen in exchange for support at the polls. These services helped the machine gain loyal voters.
What does a larger population provide
A larger population provided more workers and increased demand for goods
What is a Robber baron
Robber baron was a negative label for business leaders whose monopolies and trusts hurt consumers or workers.
What is a blacklist
A blacklist identified workers considered troublemakers and could be shared among employers to make it difficult for them to find jobs.
Who was the journey like when immigrants came to the USA
Many immigrants traveled in crowded, dirty steerage, where diseases spread. The journey lasted one to three weeks, and many people could bring only what they could carry.
who is boss Tweed
Boss Tweed led a political machine in New York City. Tammany Hall was the Democratic headquarters and political machine associated with his rule.
What is Free enterprise
Free enterprise is an economic system in which individuals own most businesses. Entrepreneurs took risks to start businesses and helped fuel economic growth.
What happened Before the Civil War
Before the Civil War, most businesses were small, family-owned, and local. Corporations pooled ownership through shares and limited investors’ losses, making it easier for businesses to grow.
What happened during the Pullman Strike
During the Pullman Strike, the company laid off workers and cut wages while keeping housing costs unchanged. Eugene V. Debs led the strike, and the conflict became violent after Pullman hired strikebreakers.
What is the difference between Old immigrants and new immigrants
“Old immigrants” mostly came from Northern and Western Europe, while “new immigrants” mostly came from Southern and Eastern Europe. New immigrants often settled in cities and faced more prejudice
What did do Politicians and businesses
Politicians and businesses could use bribes and inflated construction contracts to direct public money to themselves or their allies. Taxpayers paid for the contracts while those involved profited.