Structuralism
14. Words put together in chains form a:
A) Paradigm
B) Syntagm
C) Phoneme
D) Morpheme
B) Syntagm
9. In linguistics, structuralism is affiliated with Saussurean ideas about language and other:
A) Writing systems
B) Sign-systems
C) Grammars
D) Dialects
B) Sign-systems
7. The term “structure” is derived from Latin:
A) Structura
B) Struere
C) Structio
D) Structum
A) Structura
13. The study of language history and genealogy was labelled by structuralists as:
A) Synchronic
B) Descriptive
C) Diachronic
D) Comparative
C) Diachronic
22. The vagueness in what meaning is may explain the diffusion of structuralism into fields such as anthropology, literature, and:
A) Physics
B) Biology
C) Semiotics
D) Chemistry
C) Semiotics
8. Structuralism contends that human existence is built from structures that govern what people are able to think and:
A) See
B) Do
C) Hear
D) Forget
B) Do
20. The inventor of glossematics was:
A) Roman Jakobson
B) Louis Hjelmslev
C) Leonard Bloomfield
D) Ferdinand de Saussure
B) Louis Hjelmslev
16. The basic opposition in Saussure is between the signifier (signifiant) and the:
A) Signified (signifié)
B) Sign (signe)
C) Signal
D) Symbol
A) Signified (signifié)
10. The system of language as opposed to use is called:
A) Parole
B) Langue
C) Langage
D) Locution
B) Langue
28. Roman Jakobson was a linguist and passionate reader of:
A) French novels
B) German philosophy
C) Russian poetry
D) English drama
C) Russian poetry
15. A set of words that can replace each other in certain positions in chains is called a:
A) Syntagm
B) Paradigm
C) Syntagma
D) System
B) Paradigm
4. In linguistics, a distinction is traditionally made between European structuralism and:
A) Asian structuralism
B) American structuralism
C) African structuralism
D) Poststructuralism
B) American structuralism
6. Structuralism in anthropology is mainly associated with:
A) Roland Barthes
B) Jacques Derrida
C) Claude Lévi-Strauss
D) Louis Althusser
C) Claude Lévi-Strauss
11. The use of language in speaking is called:
A) Langue
B) Parole
C) Signe
D) Structure
B) Parole
29. Jakobson had a background affiliation with:
A) Russian formalism
B) French symbolism
C) German romanticism
D) British empiricism
A) Russian formalism
21. Glossematics started by dividing a text into two and continued until ending up with:
A) Words
B) Sentences
C) Phonemes
D) Morphemes
C) Phonemes
D) Morphemes
3. The Swiss linguist often said to have initiated structuralism is:
A) Roman Jakobson
B) Leonard Bloomfield
C) Ferdinand de Saussure
D) Louis Hjelmslev
C) Ferdinand de Saussure
5. The main figure of American structuralism is:
A) Franz Boas
B) Edward Sapir
C) Leonard Bloomfield
D) Zellig Harris
C) Leonard Bloomfield
12. A description of a language system at a certain time and place is called:
A) Diachronic
B) Historical
C) Synchronic
D) Evolutionary
C) Synchronic
32. In the United States, Jakobson directly influenced:
A) Bloomfield’s ideas
B) Chomsky’s ideas
C) Boas’s ideas
D) Sapir’s ideas
B) Chomsky’s ideas
1. A theoretical and methodological approach in linguistics and other human sciences that assumes everything is built of autonomous systems as relations of oppositions is called:
A) Functionalism
B) Structuralism
C) Behaviorism
D) Generativism
B) Structuralism
2. The oppositions in structuralism are generally:
A) Ternary relations
B) Binary relations
C) Circular relations
D) Hierarchical relations
B) Binary relations
17. According to Saussure, the relation between signifier and signified is:
A) Iconic
B) Necessary
C) Arbitrary
D) Natural
C) Arbitrary
18. The study of abstract entities generalised from speech sounds is called:
A) Morphology
B) Phonetics
C) Phonology
D) Syntax
C) Phonology
48. The view that the way people think depends on the structure of their language is the:
A) Chomsky hypothesis
B) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
C) Bloomfield hypothesis
D) Jakobson hypothesis
B) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis