Biomolecules
What biomolecules is primarily used by cells for quick energy?
Carbohydrates
What is the molecule that enzymes act on called?
Substrate
What word describes water because it has an uneven distribution of charge between the hydrogen and oxygen?
Polar
What process joins 2 monomers together?
Dehydration synthesis
What is the variable that a scientist intentionally changes?
Independent variable
Name the monomer of the following biomolecules:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Monosaccharides
Amino Acids
Nucleotides
What part of an enzyme does the substrate bind to normally?
Active Site
What type of bond holds the hydrogen and oxygen atom together within a water molecule?
Covalent Bond
What process breaks a polymer into monomers?
Hydrolysis
A student tests how temperature affects enzyme activity and measures the amount of product produced. What is the independent variable and what is the dependent variable?
IV: Temperature
DV: Amount of product/enzyme activity
Name two elements found in proteins not found in carbohydrates.
Nitrogen and Sulfur
What is activation energy? What do enzymes do to activation energy?
The amount of energy it takes to start a chemical reaction, enzymes lower it.
What type of bond forms between 2 water molcules?
Hydrogen bond
A reaction joins 2 monosaccharides together, what molecules are produced?
Water and a polysaccharide
A student tests how much soap affects the surface tension of water. They use different amounts of soap but keep the cup, amount of water, penny, and dropper the same. What are 2 constants?
Cup, amount of water, penny, dropper
A researcher finds that a substance is made of 75% carbohydrates, 11% oxygen, 11% hydrogen, and 3% phosphorous. What biomolecule is likely present in the substance?
Lipids
A molecule binds to the enzymes allosteric site, what happens as a result of this?
Active site changes and the enzyme is non competitively inhibited
What is adhesion? What is cohesion?
Adhesion: water molecules stick to other things
Cohesion: water molecules stick to themselves
A dipeptide has an amino acid attached to it. What process occurs when the amino acid is added?
Dehydration Synthesis
Write a hypothesis for this question:
How does temperature affect the activity of an enzyme?
If temperature increases then the activity of the enzyme will decrease.
A student preforms the McMush lab and gets these results:
Benedicts- positive Biuret- Positive
Lugol's- negative Sudan III- positive
What biomolecules are present?
Monosaccharides, proteins, and lipids
Researchers identify that enzyme activity peaks at 98 degrees and declines at higher temperatures. Why does this occur and where does this enzyme probably exist?
Enzyme is denatured at high temperatures, it is probably in the human body
List 2 properties of water and explain them (other than adhesion/cohesion).
Student response
A water molecule is used to break a glycolytic bond. What process is this?
Hydrolysis
A student tests an enzyme at three temperatures:
Write a CER explaining how temperature affects enzyme activity.
Student Response