Module 1
What is biology the study of?
Life
Can a scientific theory become a law?
No
What is photosynthesis?
The process by which green plants and some other organisms use the energy of sunlight and simple chemicals to produce their own food.
What do atoms contain?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What is the reverse of a dehydration reaction?
Hydrolysis
What is one type of observation, and what does it involve?
Quantitative observations involve numbers, such as counting or measuring.
Qualitative observations are not easily counted or measured, such as color or texture
What are microorganisms?
Living creatures that are too small to see with the naked eye.
Define herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores
Herbivores eat only plants. Carnivores eat only other organisms other than plants. Omnivores eat both plants and other organisms.
What is located in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons
What does the pH scale measure?
How acidic or basic a solution is
What is a possible answer for scientific questions?
A hypothesis
What is the idea that long ago, very simple life forms spontaneously appeared through chemical reactions?
Spontaneous generation
What are receptors?
Special structures that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their internal or external environment.
How is an atom’s atomic number determined?
By the number of protons in an atom.
What are the two types of fats?
Saturated fats and unsaturated fats
What is a variable?
A factor that changes in an experiment.
How do cells grow?
By enlarging or dividing
What is a mutation?
An abrupt and marked change in the DNA of an organism compared to that of its parents.
What are the two most important types of chemical bonds?
Ionic bond & covalent bond
What are the nitrogenous bases of DNA?
Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
What is a scientific theory?
An explanation of some part of the natural world that has been thoroughly tested and is supported by a significant amount of evidence from observations and experiments.
What are the two categories that metabolism can be split into?
Anabolism & catabolism
What are the criteria for life?
(1) Cells: All life is composed of cells; (2) Growth & development: All living things grow; (3) Metabolism & energy: All living things require energy to power activities; (4) Homeostasis: All living things maintain a stable internal environment by regulating all of the chemical processes occurring in them; (5) Sense & respond to stimuli: All living things have the ability to respond to their environment; (6) DNA & reproduction: All living things contain hereditary information in their DNA.
What are the four major groups of organic molecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, & nucleic acids
What happens during denaturation?
Heat causes an enzyme to lose shape.