Chemistry Basics
The most abundant element in the human body.
Oxygen
This is water's ability to dissolve many substances.
The Universal Solvent Property
The organelle that synthesizes proteins.
Ribosomes
Movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration.
Diffusion
These nucleic acids that are larger double ring structures.
Purines
The cell cycle is the lifecycle of a dividing cell, is divided into two main parts:________ & _______
Interphase (preparation ~90%) & Mitotic phase (division)
The outermost electron shell.
Valence Shell
Water sticking to other substances is known as ______
Adhesion
The organelle known as the powerhouse of the cell.
Mitochondria
Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.
Osmosis
What nucleic acid binds with Adenine in DNA?
Thymine
This is the final physical division of the cell cytoplasm, creating two distinct, independent daughter cells
Cytokinesis
A molecule composed of two or more different elements.
A Compound
The pH of pure water
7
The organelle that modifies and packages proteins
Golgi Apparatus
Transport requiring no ATP and moving substances down their concentration gradient.
Passive Transport
_________copies a specific gene's DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA)
Transcription
During this phase of mitosis chromosomes align perfectly down the center of the cell
Metaphase
A bond formed when atoms share electrons
Covalent Bond
Weak acids and bases that resist changes in pH.
Buffers
Organelles that digest waste and pathogens.
Lysosomes
Transport using membrane proteins but no ATP.
Facilitated Diffusion
A set of three nucleotides are known as?
Codon
Within this phase chromosomes condense and become visible, and the mitotic spindle begins to form.
Prophase
A bond formed when electrons are transferred between atoms.
True or False: The pH of blood is 3.5-6.8 making it a strong acid.
False (The normal pH of human blood is tightly regulated between 7.35 and 7.45. This makes blood naturally slightly basic or alkaline)
The organelle that stores DNA and controls cellular activities.
Nucleus
Transport requiring ATP to move substances against a concentration gradient.
Active Transport
Nucleotide Structures include three main parts. What are they?
Phosphate Group + 5 Carbon Sugar + Nitrogenous Base
During this phase of mitosis sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell by the spindle fibers.
Anaphase