Body Orientation
A movement divides the body into left and right portions. What type of plane is being described?
Saggital plane
What is considered the basic unit of living matter?
The cell!
What are the four bases found in DNA?
Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine
What molecule serves as the chemical fuel for cellular processes?
ATP
What type of tissue covers body surfaces, lines body cavities, and forms certain glands?
Epithelial Tissue
A trainer wants to describe a movement occurring through a plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. Which plane?
Frontal plane
A muscle cell needs large amounts of ATP during exercise. Which organelle is especially important for providing ATP?
The Mitochondria!
If one DNA strand contains adenine, which base pairs with it?
Thymine!
ATP becomes ADP when the terminal high-energy phosphate bond breaks.
What happens next?
Release!
What type of tissue includes bone, cartilage, and adipose tissue?
Connective Tissue!
A physician describes an imaging slice that cuts diagonally across the body rather than straight across. What plane is this?
Oblique plane
A cell needs this to produce proteins. Which structure is directly associated with protein synthesis?
Ribosomes!
Which type of RNA directs the arrangement of amino acids during protein production?
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
A substance moves from an area of high concentration to low concentration without using cellular energy.
What process?
Diffusion
A structure contains tightly packed fibers arranged in a consistent pattern.
What type of connective tissue is this?
Dense Regular Connective Tissue!
BONUS QUESTION! Name two types of dense regular connective tissue!
An athlete's injury is described as being in the abdominal area. Your instructor asks you to identify the specific abdominal region rather than simply saying “abdomen.” Why is this needed for your position?
Imagine an organelle that acts like the cell's “recycling center,” breaking down damaged or foreign material.
What organelle are you describing?
Lysosomes!
A cell in the human body needs to reproduce and create two genetically identical daughter cells.
Should it use mitosis or meiosis?
Mitosis
Water moves across a membrane from an area of lower solute concentration toward higher solute concentration.
Osmosis
A tissue is responsible for contraction and comes in three basic types.
Name them.
Striated, smooth, and cardiac
A doctor tells an athletic trainer, “The abnormal structure is located in the lower right abdominal region.”
Why is this more useful than simply saying, “The patient has pain in their stomach” and which region is the doctor mentioning here?
It provides a standard anatomical location and this region is the right iliac region!
A cell can no longer control what enters and leaves it. Which structure is most directly compromised?
Plasma Membrane
This process produces four cells, each containing 23 chromosomes.
Mitosis or meiosis?
Meiosis
A cell needs to move a substance from an area of low concentration to high concentration.
The cell must use ATP.
What transport mechanism is this?
Active Transport!
A tissue is striated but contracts involuntarily.
Which type?