History
In early advertising and classic Hollywood, women were often represented primarily in this role.
What is the role of wife/mother/homemaker?
The thinker that wrote about the influence of media on gender. She breaks down how media helps construct ideas about what women and men are supposed to be like.
Who is Julia Wood?
Theory that describes women as underrepresented or absent from media.
What is Symbolic Annihilation?
This concept describes how women are visually positioned as objects to be looked at for male pleasure.
What is the male gaze?
In media, portraying Arab women mainly as veiled, silent, sensual, or mysterious is an example of this representational practice.
What is Orientalism?
This wave emphasized diversity, individuality and sexuality.
What is the Third Wave of Feminism?
“THE MEDIUM IS THE MESSAGE”
Who is McLuhan?
This theory describes reducing a woman to her body rather than portraying her as a full human subject.
What is Objectification?
This concept explains how women may internalize an outsider’s view of their bodies and begin monitoring themselves accordingly.
What is self-objectification?
This is the key problem with the “Arabian princess” stereotype: it turns diverse Arab women into a single romanticized and exoticized this.
What is an image / fantasy / stereotype?
This wave of feminism focused on workplace equality, reproductive rights, and challenging traditional gender roles.
What is the Second Wave of Feminism?
The original thinker that came up with Symbolic Annihilation.
Who is Gaye Tuchman?
This theory describes the way media often present women as objects of visual pleasure from a specific point of view.
A type of gaze that explains when subjects look back, refuse, mock, or reframe the viewer’s power.
What is Counter-Gaze?
This theory asks how women in formerly colonized societies are being represented.
What is Postcolonial feminist Theory?
The two goals of the fourth wave of feminism.
Challenge sexual harassment, abuse, sexism, body shaming, and gender-based inequality mostly through digital activism and public accountability.
The man behind Cultivation Theory.
Who is George Gerbner?
This theory explains how audiences may absorb repeated media messages over time, shaping their perception of social reality.
What is Cultivation Theory?
An example of when a performer chooses provocative styling, controls the frame with direct eye contact, strong posture, movement with intention, lyrics or context expresses choice/power.
What is Sexualization by having agency?
The concept that explains making difference consumable by turning it into mystery, beauty, or spectacle.
What is Exoticization?
This movement fought for women’s right to vote.
What is the Suffrage Movement?
The thinker most associated with the male gaze?
Who is Laura Mulvey?
The framework/theory we have not discussed in class yet.
What is intersectionality?
A concept within objectification that considers women as an interchangeable “type” rather than a specific person.
What is Fungibility?
The thinker/s that claim that Arab Clothes have long histories and local meanings.
Who is Stillman and Rugh?