Factories
Why did factories hire children?
a) They could be paid less than adults.
b) They were easy to replace.
c) They did dangerous work that adults refused to do.
d) all of the above
D- children could be paid less than adults, they were easy to replace, and they did dangerous work that adults refused to do.
What is a free market?
a) a store where goods are free
b) an economy controlled by the government
c) a system based on competition between privately owned businesses offering a similar product or service
d) factories that do not have to pay rent
C- system based on competition between privately owned businesses offering a similar product or service
Who wrote novels describing the hard life of many people in England in the 1800s?
a) Jane Austen
b) William Shakespeare
c) Friedrich Engels
d) Charles Dickens
d- Charles Dickens wrote many novels describing the hard life for people in England in the 1800s (Remember Oliver Twist?)
What were the Luddites most famous for?
a) establishing a perfect community
b) ending feudalism in Europe
c) destroying factories and machines
d) supporting the free market
c- Luddites destroyed factories and machines because they were against industrialization
After 1500, Europe’s population
a) stayed the same.
b) declined.
c) grew.
d) moved from the city to the country
C- The population in Europe after 1500 grew.
Which was NOT a problem for factory workers living in cities?
a) crime
b) disease
c) too much money to spend
d) poverty
C- factory workers living in cities did NOT have too much money to spend. Many were poor.
Communism aimed to abolish
a) factories.
b) workers.
c) private property.
d) free public education
c- Communism aimed to abolish private property
What was Karl Marx’s (the creator of communism's) goal?
a) a state religion
b) absolute equality
c) martial law
d) mercantilism
B- Karl Marx wanted to gain absolute equality with communism
The United States today is
a) communist.
b) Marxist.
c) capitalist.
d) both a and c
C- The US today is CAPITALIST.
During the Industrial Revolution, the gap between rich and poor
a) disappeared.
b) decreased.
c) became unimportant.
d) increased.
d- the gap between rich and poor INCREASED during the Industrial Revolution
Which invention(s) helped people make cloth faster and more easily?
a) spinning jenny
b) water frame
c) cotton gin
d) all of the above
Which statement describes an important aim of socialism?
a) Government should control the economy to benefit all citizens.
b) Government should leave people alone to do whatever they want.
c) Government should be abolished altogether.
d) Government should be elected only by the wealthy.
A- Socialists believe that the government should control the economy to benefit all citizens.
Who wrote the Communist Manifesto?
a) Robert Owen and Lord Ashley
b) Charles Dickens and Benjamin Disraeli
c) James Watt and James Hargreaves
d) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
d) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote Communist Manifesto
Which is a socialist idea that has been adopted by American capitalist society?
a) welfare
b) Social Security
c) biotechnology
d) both a and b
D- Both Welfare and Social Security are socialist ideas that America has adopted.
Which was an important new source of energy in the 1700s?
a) coal b) wood c) oil d) natural gas
Coal
What is a strike?
a) a product that sells well on the free market
b) a protest in which workers agree to stop working
c) a socialist community
d) a special kind of factory
B- a strike is a protest in which workers agree to stop working
Which statement describes mercantilism?
a) To each according to his needs.
b) A country can grow rich by controlling trade.
c) The government should not try control the market.
d) Workers of the world, unite.
b) Mercantilism believes that a country can grow rich by controlling trade.
What was an achievement of Benjamin Disraeli (England's political leader)?
a) He wrote the Communist Manifesto.
b) He passed laws to help working people.
c) He abolished private property.
d) He created New Harmony.
b) Benjamin Disraeli passed laws to help working people.
What did Robert Owen try to establish?
a) a perfect community
b) world communism
c) public libraries in Scotland
d) the Church of England
A- Robert Owens tried to create a perfect community known as a utopia
Who created the steam engine?
a) Eli Whitney
b) James Watt
c) Lord Ashley
d) James Hargreaves
B- James Watt invented the steam engine
Which group of people did most factory workers come from?
A- artisans
B- bourgeoise
C- peasants
D- landowners
C- most factory workers were peasants
What is capital?
a) money invested to make more money
b) small change saved for a rainy day
c) the portion of a worker’s income used for groceries and rent
d) wages
a) capital is money invested to make more money
Which is NOT an idea that interested Adam Smith- the CAPITALIST writer?
a) supply and demand
b) division of labor
c) communism
d) free markets
d) Adam smith did not believe in communism
Karl Marx was the author of which book?
a) Das Kapital
b) The Origin of Species
c) The Wealth of Nations
d) A New View of Society
A- Karl Marx wrote Das Kapital. It was about communism
What happened during the enclosure movement?
a) People worked indoors in factories.
b) Monks had to stay in their monasteries.
c) Farmers built greenhouses to enclose their crops.
d) Small fields were combined to make larger farms
d) Small fields were combined to make larger farms during the enclosure movement