INDUSTRIALIZATION & MECHANIZATION
What is industrialization?
What is the growth of factories and machine-based production?
What is urbanization?
What is the growth of cities as more people move into them?
Which business leader became famous for building a major oil empire and controlling about 90% of the nation's oil refineries?
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
What is a labor union?
What is an organization of workers formed to protect their rights and improve their working conditions?
What do we call a person who starts and operates a business?
What is an entrepreneur?
What is mechanization?
What is the use of machines to do work that was once done by people or by hand?
What is one reason immigrants came to the United States in the late 1800s and early 1900s?
What are jobs, economic opportunities, or the hope of a better life?
Which business leader became famous for his success in railroads from New York to Chicago and steamship transportation and also arranged numerous mergers between businesses.
Who is Cornelius Vanderbilt?
What was one goal of collective bargaining?
What is negotiating with employers for better wages, hours, and working conditions?
Which African American businesswoman became famous for building a successful hair-care business and inspiring other women entrepreneurs?
Who is Madam C. J. Walker?
How did railroads help industrialization grow?
What is they made transportation faster and helped businesses move goods and reach new markets?
What is a pull factor that encouraged people to move to cities?
What are economic opportunities and factory jobs?
The term used when one company controls most or all levels of production?
What is vertical Integration?
Why did many factory workers want shorter workdays and safer working conditions?
What is factories often had long hours, low wages, dangerous machinery, and unsafe workplaces?
In the Gospel of Wealth, what did Andrew Carnegie believe describe himself as and what does the term mean?
What is a philanthropist and they take responsibly to benefit society and help others?
What type of government policy allowed businesses to operate with little government interference, leaving them unregulated?
What is laissez-faire?
What were tenement buildings, and what was one problem with living in them?
What were crowded apartment buildings where many immigrants and working-class families lived, often with poor plumbing, little sunlight, and limited fresh air?
Why did businesses form trusts or combine companies during the Second Industrial Revolution?
What is to gain control over an industry, reduce competition, and increase profits?
What is a strike?
What is when workers stop working to pressure employers to meet their demands?
What is philanthropy?
What is giving money, resources, or time to help others or support charitable causes?
Explain one way machines helped drive the Second Industrial Revolution.
What is machines increased production, allowed goods to be made faster, and helped factories produce more products at lower costs?
What is nativism, and how did it affect immigrants?
What is favoring native-born Americans over immigrants, often leading to prejudice, discrimination, and hostility toward newcomers?
What is the difference between a philanthropist and a robber baron?
What is a philanthropist uses wealth to help others or support charitable causes, while a robber baron is a wealthy business leader criticized for unfair or exploitative business practices?
Why did some employers oppose labor unions?
What is unions could demand higher wages, shorter hours, and better working conditions, which employers sometimes believed would increase costs or reduce their control?
How did the Second Industrial Revolution create both wealth and problems for Americans?
What is it created new industries, jobs, and wealthy business owners, but it also led to poor working conditions, crowded cities, economic inequality, and conflict between workers and employers?