Causes of Disease
____1. Anything that can cause a disease and includes viruses, bacteria, protists, fungi, and parasites are called
A. Symbionts
B. Pathogens
C. Antigens
D. Antibodies
B: Pathogen
True or False: A fever will speed up the growth of pathogens within the body.
A: True B:False
B: False
. Long term immunity due to natural or deliberate exposure. Body recognizes and fights off the antigen quickly.
A. Vaccine Immunity
B. Active Immunity
C. Permanent Immunity
D. Passive Immunity
B: Active Immunity
. Disease that causes the body to not properly recognize itself and attack cells or compounds in the body as if they were pathogens.
A. Autoimmune Disease
B. HIV/AIDS
C. Asthma
D. Emphysema
A: Autoimmune Disease
. Materials are transported within a single-celled organism by the
A. Nucleus
B. Cytoplasm
C. Mitochondrion
D. Ribosome
B: Cytoplasm
. The flow of energy in an ecosystem is best described as energy moving in
A. One direction from the sun to the producers and then to the consumers
B. One direction from a consumer to a producer and then to the sun as heat and light
C. Two directions between the producers that are present
D. Two directions, back and forth, between the producers and the consumers
A: One direction from the sun to the producers and then to the consumers
Microorganisms that live in the body and either harm us or help us out are known as
A. Symbionts
B. Pathogens
C. Antigens
D. Antibodies
A: Symbionts
When a virus enters the body, these proteins are made that make it harder for viruses to make their own proteins causing the infection in the body to slow down.
A. Antigens
B. Antibodies
C. Interferons
D. Pathogens
C: Interferons
. Short term immunity due to natural or deliberate exposure.
A. Active Immunity
B. Antigen Immunity
C. Passive Immunity
D. None of the Above
C: Passive Immunity
Occasionally, during pregnancy, the placenta can separate from the uterus. This causes a disruption in development and sometimes death of the fetus. Harm to the developing fetus might occur because the placenta
A. Transfers oxygen and nutrients to the fetal blood
B. Sends maternal blood into the fetus
C. Supplies milk for the fetus
D. Breaks down wastes of the fetus
A: Transfers oxygen and nutrients to the fetal blood
Which process produces only identical offspring?
A. Meiotic cell division
B. Selective breeding
C. Cloning
D. Fertilization
C: Cloning
A man is exposed to large amounts of ultraviolet radiation while sunbathing at the beach. This exposure causes a genetic change in the DNA of a skin cell. In the future, this change can be passed on to
A. His male and female children
B. His male children only
C. All cells in his body
D. His skin cells only
D: His skin cells only
Each of the following is one way that disease can be spread EXCEPT
A. Other Animals
B. Contaminated Food or Water
C. Exchange of body fluids
D. Being in the same room as someone with the flu
D: Being in the same room as someone with the flu
Substances that trigger an immune response are known as
A. Interferons
B. Antibodies
C. Antigens
D. Pathogens
C: Antigens
Overreactions to harmless antigens on pollen, dust mites, or mold are called
A. Antibodies
B. Allergies
C. Autoimmune Disease
D. Asthma
B: Allergies
Which phrase best describes a gene?
A. A segment of a DNA molecule found only in the body cells of an organism
B. A segment of a DNA molecule found only in the gametes of an organism
C. A segment of a DNA molecule that contains the instructions for producing a trait in an organism
D. A segment of a DNA molecule that contains the instructions for producing all the characteristics of an organism
C: A segment of a DNA molecule that contains the instructions for producing a trait in an organism
Which base pairings normally occur during DNA replication?
A. Guanine pairs with cytosine. Thymine pairs with thymine
B. Adenine pairs with thymine. Cytosine pairs with guanine
C. Thymine pairs with guanine. Cytosine pairs with adenine
D. Cytosine pairs with cytosine. Thymine pairs with thymine
B: Adenine pairs with thymine. Cytosine pairs with guanine
Evolution of a species could occur as a result of changes in the
A. DNA in muscle cells
B. Base sequences in liver cells
C. Genes in an egg cell
D. Number of chromosomes in a fetal bone cell
C: Genes in an egg cell
The first line of defense against infectious disease is the
A. Inflammatory Response
B. Skin
C. Interferons
D. Fever
B: Skin
. These cells bind to antigens and tells the immune system to destroy pathogens.
A. B-Cells
B. Antibodies
C. Lymphocytes
D. Red Blood Cells
B: Antibodies
A disease that causes the air passages to narrow.
A. HIV/AIDS
B. Inflammatory Response
C. Asthma
D. Emphysema
C: Asthma
One positive impact that industrialization has had is that
A. Industrialization produces waste gases that pollute the air
B. Fossil fuels used by industries help reduce finite resources
C. Industrialization has been a source of many jobs for people
D. New technologies have increased acid rain
C: Industrialization has been a source of many jobs for people
When receiving x-rays, individuals wear a lead shield over major organs in order to limit the body’s exposure to radiation. One reason for this procedure is to
A. Protect the patient against broken bones
B. Prevent mutations in gametes
C. Improve circulation in the patient
D. Increase the chance of a change in DNA
B: Prevent mutations in gametes
In one town, some people support a proposal to build a shopping mall on a large, undeveloped lot, because it would increase business and create new jobs. As a trade-off, the shopping mall would cause a decrease in the
A. Amount of air pollution
B. Volume of garbage and litter
C. Amount of wastewater entering the local sewage system
D. Variety of wildlife populations in the area
D: Variety of wildlife populations in the area
When a pathogen enters the body, this causes the infected area to become red and painful.
A. Inflammatory Response
B. Interferons
C. Fever
D. Antibody Response
A: Inflammatory Response
. Injections of a weakened form of a pathogen or a similar but less dangerous pathogen are called
A. Interferons
B. Antigens
C. Antibodies
D. Vaccinations
D: Vaccinations
Virus that attacks T-cells and leaves the body in a weakened state.
A. Autoimmune Disease
B. HIV/AIDS
C. Asthma
D. Emphysema
B: HIV/AIDS
Many beverage companies are required to recycle bottles and cans because this activity directly reduces
A. Air pollution and destruction of the ozone shield
B. Overpopulation and soil erosion
C. Solid waste and depletion of resources
D. Thermal pollution and extinction of wildlife
C: Solid waste and depletion of resources
. Rabbits produce large numbers of offspring during each reproductive season, yet the number of rabbits within a given population changes very little from year to year. The stability of the population size is most likely the result of
A. The development of mutations in young rabbits
B. Environmental factors that keep the population in check
C. Rabbits continuing to reproduce when the population is large
D. The survival of more female rabbits than male rabbits.
B: Environmental factors that keep the population in check
Palm oil, produced from palm trees, is not only a biofuel, but is also used in food additives, cosmetics, and lubricants. Palm tree plantations are now cultivated in areas that were formerly natural forests. One ecological concern raised by this expansion is that
A. The natural forest ecosystem may harm the palm trees
B. The use of the land for agriculture will increase the biodiversity of the area
C. Humans are changing the basic processes of the palm trees
D. Planting large expanses of one crop reduces the biodiversity of the area
D: Planting large expanses of one crop reduces the biodiversity of the area