Intelligence
Psychologists generally consider intelligence to be
a hypothetical construct
The examples of extreme poverty and poor diet are often cited under WHAT factor that influences intelligence?
Nurture.
In Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences theory, he identified ____ different intelligences
9.
Psychometric tests provide a standardized score by which to:
compare others to.
What is validity?
The extent to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to measure.
The Psychometric Model of Intelligence views intelligence as a:
Map of the mind
Nature-genetic factors suggest our level of intelligence is determined by our what?
Genes.
What is ONE critique of the Multiple Intelligences approach:
▪These abilities could be considered as special talents
▪Other research has been unable to find distinct differences between the types (related to one another)
▪Needs more research to ensure intelligences are unique to one another
▪No standard measuring techniques for different types of intelligence
The equation to measure IQ is:
Mental age/Chronological Age x 100
What is it when a person may have a high IQ but score lower due to their lack of familiarity with the language?
Biological Model of Intelligence focuses on studying the brain using ONE of two methods:
▪Case studies of brain damage patients
OR
▪Neuroimaging of patients with damaged and/or intact brains
Heritability is:
How much heredity contributes to intelligence.
Which model of emotional intelligence describes emotional intelligence as the ability to perceive, integrate, facilitate and understand emotions?
Salovey and Mayer’s Emotional Intelligence Model.
Which measure of intelligence determines the presence of a learning disability or a developmental delay, in identifying giftedness, and in tracking intellectual development?
Wechsler’s Intelligence Scale.
Provide an example of a non-cognitive factor that influences intelligence tests:
●Physical impairment: sight or hearing disabilities, motor impairments
●Test anxiety or shyness
●Test familiarity
Researchers hypothesized that Einstein's increased ability to imagine objects in space, resulted in a larger area of the brain called the:
Parietal lobe/s.
Certain studies provide evidence of inherited intelligence, these are:
Family, twin and adoption studies
Which theory suggests that the speed at which you can complete cognitive or academic tasks is related to your level of intelligence (as measured by IQ tests).
Information Processing theory
Who assumed that children’s abilities increase with age?
Binet.
Explain Cultural Bias in Intelligence tests:
Examinees may have a normal or higher intellectual ability but perform poorly on intelligence tests because some of the questions are about things that are unfamiliar to their culture.
Indigenous Australians significantly outperformed non-indigenous Australians in kind of which task?
Visual-spatial
In Bouchard's (1981 study) study, they suggest genetic overlap between which relationship has the highest intelligence correlation?
Identical twins reared together.
A critique of a study suggests that it is less focused on understanding the influence of culture on intelligence. Which theory is this referring to?
Information Processing Model
Who revised Simon and Binet’s test and published a version known as the Stanford-Binet Test in 1916?
Lewis Terman.
Why does poverty complicate the reliability of longitudinal IQ testing?
Fluctuations in life stability (e.g. moving home, diet).