Urine-credible
A 12-year-old cat presents with weight loss, PU/PD, and elevated BUN and creatinine. The most likely diagnosis is:
What is chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
An overweight cat that stops eating for several days develops icterus. The most likely diagnosis is:
What is hepatic lipidosis?
A middle-aged Miniature Schnauzer presents with vomiting, abdominal pain, and elevated pancreatic lipase. The diagnosis is:
What is pancreatitis?
A dog presents with PU/PD, polyphagia, panting, and a pot-bellied appearance. The most likely diagnosis is:
What is hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's disease)?
Petechiae, ecchymoses, and spontaneous bleeding are most commonly associated with abnormalities in:
What are platelets?
A blocked male cat is unable to urinate. Bloodwork shows severe hyperkalemia. This electrolyte abnormality is life-threatening because it primarily affects this organ.
What is the heart?
A dog has elevated ALT and AST. These enzymes primarily indicate:
What is hepatocellular injury?
A dark, tarry, digested blood consistency in the feces is clinically known as this, indicating an upper GI bleed.
What is melena?
An older cat is losing weight despite an increased appetite and has tachycardia. The diagnosis is:
What is hyperthyroidism?
A dog with a PCV of 12% and severe tachycardia may require this blood product.
What are packed red blood cells (pRBCs)?
A dog with leptospirosis develops azotemia and oliguria. The kidneys are experiencing this type of injury.
What is acute kidney injury (AKI)?
A dog develops neurologic signs after eating a high-protein meal. Elevated ammonia levels support this diagnosis.
What is hepatic encephalopathy?
Unlike humans, where IBD often features fever and skin lesions, this specific large-bowel sign is more common in dogs with colitis.
What is hematochezia (fresh blood) or tenesmus?
A dog presents collapsed with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia. The endocrine emergency is:
What is Addisonian crisis?
An artifactual reading of low MCV and very high MCHC on a hematology analyzer often indicates this condition.
What is autoagglutination?
This urine measurement helps determine the kidney's ability to concentrate urine.
What is urine specific gravity (USG)?
A young Yorkshire Terrier with poor growth, intermittent neurologic signs, and low BUN is suspected of having this congenital condition.
What is a portosystemic shunt?
EPI stands for Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency. Feces in these patients are typically voluminous, pale, and fatty, a condition scientifically known as this.
What is Steatorrhea?
A diabetic dog presents vomiting, depressed, dehydrated, and ketotic. The diagnosis is:
What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Evidence of this process on a CBC/Chemistry includes hyperbilirubinemia, bilirubinuria, and a drop in packed cell volume (PCV)
What is hemolysis?
A patient has glucosuria despite a normal blood glucose concentration. This suggests dysfunction of this part of the nephron.
What are the renal tubules (proximal tubules)?
This liver function test is commonly used to evaluate hepatic function and detect portosystemic shunts.
What are bile acids?
This alkylating immunosuppressive agent is sometimes added to the protocol for refractory IBD, but requires close monitoring of bone marrow function.
What is chlorambucil (or azathioprine)?
A dog with an insulinoma becomes weak after exercise. Bloodwork confirms severe hypoglycemia. The immediate treatment is:
What is IV dextrose?
An increased presence of these larger, immature red blood cells on a blood smear indicates a strong, regenerative bone marrow response.
What is a polychromatophil (or reticulocyte)?