FUNDAMENTALS
LAW & CRIME
THEORIES
MEASURING CRIME
ETHICS
100
An offender will three qualifying felonies can be sentenced to 25 years in prison under this law
What is the three strikes law?
100

Judge-made law, rules, practices and guidelines

What common law?

100
Study (explanations) of criminal behavior
What is criminology?
100
Some limitations of the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)
What are police agency reporting to the FBI is voluntary, only eight offenses are included in the UCR, attempted crimes are combined with completed crimes?
100

The study of duty to act

What is deontology?

200

Philosophical theory that people consent to government control 

What is Locke's theory of implied consent (consensus theoy)?

200
The doctrine that binds courts of equal or lesser levels within a jurisdiction to the principles established by higher appellate courts within the same jurisdiction.
What is stare decises?
200
Theory suggesting that criminal behavior occurs when social controls, such as family, break down?
What is the social control theory?
200
Data from this system divides crime into three categories—crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society—and does not use the hierarchy rule.
What is the National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS)?
200
The receipt of some benefit either for free or for a reduced price
What are gratuities?
300

The model of the criminal justice process that presumes defendants are innocent and courts' first priority is protecting the constitutional rights of the accused.

What is the due process model?

300
The party who is bringing a lawsuit against someone.
Who is the plaintiff?
300

The theory that suggests that crime occurs after an individual weighs the risk and benefits of the act.

What is the deterrence theory?

300
Crime measurement tool that asks respondents (participants) to report crime experiences that occurred within the last 6 months
What is the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)?
300

An officer on patrol who sees a contractor illegally dumping trash and accepts a monetary "tip" from the contractor as part of an agreement not to make an arrest

What is a grass-eater?

400

The model of the criminal justice process that presumes defendants are guilty and courts should not interfere with law enforcement

What is the crime control model?

400
Beyond a reasonable doubt
What is the standard of proof required in criminal cases?
400

School of thought which is based in the presumption that all people are rational and have the capacity to engage in criminal acts.

What is the main philosophy of the Classical School?

400
The crime measurement tool that was created to address issues related to (victim) nonreporting.
What is the NCVS?
400

Term used to describe instances when an officer misuses his/her authority for the purpose of personal gain for the officer or others

What is corruption?

500
Making decisions based on one’s judgments in particular situations.
What is discretion?
500
Processes such as obtaining search and arrest warrants, reading the accused his/her Miranda warnings, and appointing an attorney for those accused who cannot afford their own
What are examples of procedural law?
500

School of thought that presumes crime is a product of factors outside of a person's control (social, biological, psychological influences)


What is the positivist school?

500
The rule that only requires police departments to report the most serious offense(s) that occurred during a criminal incident
What is the hierarchy rule?
500

The idea that a small (deviant) first step can lead to more serious behaviors

What is the "slippery slope" concept?

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