Intro to Cybersecurity Semester Review

Foundations and Threats

100

When a database is exposed or stolen

Breach

200

A one-way algorithm to encrypt a password for secure storage or transfer

Hash / Hashing

300

Define the letters for CIA

Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability

400

Give three examples of biometric authentication

-Iris / Retina 

-Fingerprint

-Facial Recognition

500

Give an example of a breach of integrity in the CIA triad

Student getting a teacher password and changing the grades for the last quiz

Human Factors

100

This is the biggest threat in the digital world; used in 67% of Cyber attacks. 

Phishing

200

The act of targeting a specific individual or organization through cyber attacks

Spear Phishing 

300

What is one way to mitigate human risk? 

- Developing Policies 

-User Training (Education)

-Developing Procedures

400

What is the goal of social engineering? And what method is used to accomplish it? 

To get an authorized user to give information to an unauthorized person.

Deception

500

What is OSINT? Give three examples of where it can be used. 

Open Source Intelligence - the practice of gathering free and public information. 

Data Safety and Best Practices

100

Define Authentication

Proving who you are so trust can be established between you and another party.

200

A structured process through which we identify potential security threats and vulnerabilities

Threat Modeling

300

Updating is the most important step in what? 

Hardening a computer system. 

400

Best practice to provide each user with the minimum system access needed to perform their necessary tasks. 

Least Privilege Principle

500

Name and Define 2 types of attacks against passwords 

-Brute Force; attempting characters in every space until correct 

- Password spraying; using common words or phrases 

-Dictionary Attack; using a list of words again a large number of passwords 

Cryptography and Linux

100

In Linux, what command do you type in to explain how any command works? 

man

200

Name the place that text based commands are entered.

- Terminal 

-CLI

-Command prompt 

-Shell 

300

Information about a file that is embedded in the file itself

Metadata

400

What is Stenography?

the practice of hiding messages in an image or text

500

Decrypt the message using a Caesar Cipher:  BUUBDL

ATTACK

Random!

100

How many bits are there in a byte?

8

200

A historic cipher in which the alphabet is shifted left or right given a number of spaces

Caesar Cipher

300

What does UAC stand for in a computer system? 

User Account Controls 

400

Convert C8 to binary 

11001000

500

Name 5 Linux commands and their purpose

Grep - search for a word

ls- list what is in folder 

mkdir - create a new folder 

pwd - print working directory 

less - read a file