The Criminal Justice System
The Police and Law Enforcement
Criminal Courts
Corrections
Special Issues: Juvenile Justice and Cybercrime
100
These are the statutory minimums without which a crime cannot be said to have occurred.
What are the elements of a criminal offense?
100
This was the world's first modern police force that became a model for police forces around the world.
What is London Metropolitan Police Force?
100
These early state court systems were created based on the belief that every person could serve as his or her own lawyer.
What are peacemaker or referee systems?
100
The values and behavioral patterns characteristic of prison inmates.
What is prison subculture?
100
In the broadest usage, juvenile actions or conduct in violation of criminal law, juvenile status offenses, and other juvenile misbehavior.
What is delinquency?
200
These two models represent how society balances the need to protect public order with the need to protect individual rights.
What are the Crime Control and Due Process Models?
200
Customs and Border Protection, Coast Guard, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Transportation Security Administration and Secret Service are agencies within this cabinet department of the U.S. federal government.
What is the Department of Homeland Security?
200
This professional courtroom participant performs court management duties including space utilization, facilities planning, and personnel and budget management.
What is the court administrator?
200
Home confinement/remote location monitoring is an example of this type of correctional option.
What is community corrections?
200
Truancy, runaway, curfew, and underage alcohol possession are examples of this type of offense.
What is a status offense?
300
This criminological theory believes that crime is caused by the individual exercise of free will.
What is Classical Theory?
300
Deterring crimes, interrupting crimes in progress, positioning resources for emergencies and increasing public perception of safety are important elements of this core policing strategy.
What is preventive patrol?
300
During this pretrial activity an offender is advised of his or her rights and may be afforded an opportunity for pretrial release.
What is the first or initial appearance?
300
This type of correctional facility holds inmates sentenced to short terms (generally less than one year).
What is a jail?
300
Drug use, precocious sexual activity, school failure, juvenile gangs and gun ownership are risk factors for this type of crime.
What is juvenile crime?
400
These represent the two primary statistical programs for measuring crime in the United States.
What are the UCR and NCVS?
400
A set of facts and circumstances that would induce a reasonably intelligent and prudent person to believe that a particular other person has committed a specific crime.
What is probable cause?
400
The request that a court with legal jurisdiction review the judgment, decision, or order of a lower court and set it aside (reverse it) or modify it.
What is an appeal?
400
A conditional release of an inmate by a parole board prior to the expiration of his/her sentence.
What is discretionary parole?
400
This type of crime occurs in the "virtual" world, focuses on information stored in electronic media, and is usually cross-jurisdictional or even transnational.
What is information technology crime?
500
These represent the 3 primary components of the criminal justice system.
What are the police, courts and corrections?
500
This style of policing stresses the service role of police officers and envisions a partnership between police agencies and their communities.
What is community policing?
500
These represent the two types of deterrence.
What are general and specific deterrence?
500
Practices designed to reduce the apparent disparity between court-imposed sentences and the time offenders actually serve in prison.
What are truth-in-sentencing laws?
500
Any individual with a profound interest in computers and technology that has used this knowledge to access computer systems with or without authorization from the system owners.
What is a computer hacker?
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