The Red Planet
Mars gets its reddish color from this chemical compound found in its soil, commonly known as rust.
iron oxide
Newton’s First Law is often called the Law of this, which describes an object's tendency to resist changes in motion. (an object at rest stays at rest until acted upon by an outside force, an object at rest stays at rest until acted upon by an outside force)
inertia
This force, created by the engines, is what pushes a rocket upward against the force of gravity.
thrust
This is the force that acts as the "invisible string," pulling a satellite toward the center of the planet it is orbiting.
gravity
He was the first human on the moon.
Neil Armstrong
This is the name of the largest volcano in the solar system, located on Mars, which is nearly three times the height of Mt. Everest.
Olympus Mons
If a spacecraft is traveling through the vacuum of deep space, it will keep moving at the same speed and direction forever unless this happens.
acted upon by an outside force
On Earth, this force acts opposite to motion through the air, but it is almost non-existent on the Moon because the Moon has no atmosphere.
air resistance/drag
What two things must be balanced to achieve a stable orbit?
gravity and inertia/velocity
That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.
The names of the Martian moons.
Phobos and Deimos
The force required to lift a 10kg object off the ground on Earth. F=mxa
greater than 98.1N
When two surfaces rub together, they create this force, which produces heat—a major problem for spacecraft re-entering Earth's atmosphere.
friction
An object in orbit is actually doing due to gravity this "around" the Earth, but it is moving forward so fast that it never actually hits the ground.
falling
The name of the rocket that launched the first astronauts to the moon.
Saturn V rocket
How much gravity does Mars have compared to Earth?
0.33G (1/3 the gravity of earth) or 66% less gravity
The acceleration due to Earth's gravity
9.81m/s2
When the thrust of a rocket is exactly equal to its weight and air resistance, the forces are considered this, and the rocket's velocity remains constant.
balanced
According to the laws of physics, the further a satellite is from the planet it orbits, the ________________ its orbital velocity must be to stay in flight.
slower
Name of the lunar program of the 1960-1970s
Apollo
Because Mars has a much thinner atmosphere than Earth, it lacks this effect, causing temperatures to swing from 70°F to -100°F in a single day.
the greenhouse effect
While a spacecraft is coasting through space at a constant velocity of 38,000 mph (no acceleration), the "Net Force" acting upon it is equal to this number.
zero
o calculate this, you must subtract the total "downward" forces (gravity + drag) from the total "upward" force (thrust).
net force
The planet with the fastest orbital velocity.
Mercury
The first man-made object to orbit Earth.
Sputnik 1